Research on natal and neonatal teeth in Africa: A systematic scoping review of empirical evidence

Abstract

Background and Aims In Africa, natal and neonatal teeth is a culture‐bound phenomenon which is associated with several sociocultural connotations which might affect child survival. Different empirical studies have been conducted in Africa on natal and neonatal teeth; however, no known scoping review has been conducted to map the empirical evidence. This systematic scoping review (SSR) aims to document the available empirical evidence, research gaps, and hotspots on neonatal and natal teeth in Africa. Methods The methodology of this SSR was informed by the Joanna Brigg's Institute guidelines for SSRs, and it was reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Eleven research databases were systematically searched to scooped out all literatures relevant to the scoping review question, after which they were screened for eligibility based on the review's selection criteria. Only the eligible literatures were included in the review. Data were extracted from the included literatures, after which the extracted data were collated, summarized, and presented as results. Results This review included only three journal articles. All the reviewed articles revealed knowledge gaps about natal/neonatal teeth. These articles also found misconceptions around natal/neonatal teeth; for example, nurses' and traditional birth attendants' beliefs about these teeth are contrary to scientifically known facts. Multiple myths associated with natal/neonatal teeth, as indicated in the reviewed studies, point to a poor understanding of the condition. Conclusion Neonates and infants are highly vulnerable persons; they require care and safeguarding from dental myths that could threaten their survival. Educative information concerning natal/neonatal teeth should be included in public health education programs to address the observed knowledge gaps among African populations and correct wrong beliefs on neonatal and natal teeth.

Orofacial Cleft in Rwanda: a Scoping Review of Empirical Evidence

“…Orofacial cleft, a prevalent congenital malformation, is characterized by facial deformities, feeding di culties, middle ear infections, heightened risk of dental caries, and necessitates a multidisciplinary management approach [4,5] OFCs may occur in isolation or as part of syndromes affecting other organ systems [6,7]. Isolated cases have been linked to maternal alcohol and tobacco use, prenatal nutrition, vitamin de ciencies, and various drugs, including herbal medications prevalent in certain regions of Africa [6,7]. However, the interplay of genetics and environment is acknowledged in their causation [7].…”

“…However, the interplay of genetics and environment is acknowledged in their causation [7]. OFCs are associated with signi cant morbidity and heightened risk of infant mortality in many developing nations due to barriers in accessing multidisciplinary care [6]. Additionally, the stigma surrounding OFCs impede a child's ability to engage in effective social interactions [8].…”

“…OFCs, like many other oral health conditions, is associated with health beliefs and misconceptions, especially in Africa [9]. These clefts are often viewed through superstitious lenses, as divine punishment for parental sins, leading to the child's isolation from family and community [6]. The understanding of health frames is signi cant for the health conditions in Africa due to the peculiar social construction of health [10,11].…”