Research on the speed thresholds of trucks in a sharp turn based on dynamic rollover risk levels

Xin, Tian; Xu, Jinliang; Gao, Chao; Sun, Zhiying

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256301

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This indicates that the direction of lane change is different and the effect of superelevation variables on the safety margins of the SUV is completely opposite. In a study about the critical safety speed of trucks, Xin et al [ 25 ] found that the speed limit threshold is different when the direction of the lane change of the truck is different on the curve. In their study, when the lane change direction was consistent with the curve bending direction, the speed limit threshold was higher, that is, the allowable speed was higher when the rollover safety margin was zero.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yan developed a model for the maximum allowable speed in rain for horizontal curves during emergency braking based on the friction ellipse theory proposed by Radt [ 23 , 24 ]. Xin predicted the safe speed threshold to avoid rollover by simulating the dynamic rollover process of loaded trucks under sharp steering conditions [ 25 ]. Although these results can help reduce the accident risk of collision-averse driving behaviors and provide a theoretical basis for speed limit management schemes, they still cannot quantify road safety margins with collision-averse driving behaviors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why Do Drivers’ Collision Avoidance Maneuvers Tend to Cause SUVs to Sideslip or Rollover on Horizontal Curve and Grade Combinations?—An Analysis of the Causes Based on a Modified Multibody Dynamics Model

Gao

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The extent to which drivers’ collision avoidance maneuvers affect the safety margins of sideslip and rollover is not captured by road geometric design theory. To quantify the effects of drivers’ collision avoidance maneuvers on the safety margins of sport utility vehicles (SUVs) on horizontal curve and grade combinations, a modified 8-degree-of-freedom multibody model based on SUVs was developed. The model was then used to calculate the design safety margins of sideslip and rollover for steady states and the actual safety margins for collision avoidance maneuvers. Subsequently, the design safety margin reduction rate (the difference between the design and actual safety margins divided by the design safety margin) was calculated and used to assess the safety margins. The results showed that the safety margins of SUVs were significantly reduced by braking, lane changing, and lane changing with braking. The marginal effects indicated that the greater the deceleration and the shorter the lane change duration, the greater the effect on the safety margins, particularly the sideslip safety margin. Furthermore, when the SUV was driven at 80 km·h−1 on grades with a horizontal curve radius of 270 m and 400 m, the sideslip safety margin with emergency braking (deceleration over −4.5 m·s−2) was reduced by 71% and 21%, and the rollover safety margin was reduced by 11% and 5%, respectively. Under these conditions, an emergency lane change (lane change duration less than 2 s) caused the SUV to sideslip and reduced the rollover safety margin by 47% (curve radius 270 m) and 45% (curve radius 400 m). Therefore, drivers’ collision avoidance maneuvers are a factor that cannot be neglected in alignment design.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why Do Drivers’ Collision Avoidance Maneuvers Tend to Cause SUVs to Sideslip or Rollover on Horizontal Curve and Grade Combinations?—An Analysis of the Causes Based on a Modified Multibody Dynamics Model

Gao

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Moreover, the curve alignment of mountain roads may greatly increase the driving difficulty of overcrowded buses, resulting in leaving the carriageway and a large number of casualties. Relatively poor dynamic conditions and a lack of safety measures are the key causes of single crashes in large vehicles [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analysis of roadway multi-fatality crashes using association rules mining and rules graph structures: A case study in China

Xu²,

Gao³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Roadway multi-fatality crashes have always been a vital issue for traffic safety. This study aims to explore the contributory factors and interdependent characteristics of multi-fatality crashes using a novel framework combining association rules mining and rules graph structures. A case study is conducted using data from 1068 severe fatal crashes in China from 2015 to 2020, and 1452 interesting rules are generated using an association rule mining approach. Several modular rules graph structures are constructed based on graph theory to reflect the interactions and patterns between different variables. The results indicate that multi-fatality crashes are highly associated with improper operations, passenger overload, fewer lanes, mountainous terrain, and run-off-the-road crashes, representing the key variables of factors concerning driver, vehicle, road, environment, and accident, respectively. Furthermore, crashes involving different severity levels, road categories, and terrain are verified to possess unique association rules and independent crash patterns. Moreover, the proportion of severe crashes caused by a combination of human-vehicle-road-environment factors (43%) is much higher than that of normal crashes (3%). This study reveals that the hidden associations between various factors contribute to the overrepresentation and severity of multi-fatality crashes. It also demonstrates that the crash mechanisms involving multi-fatality crashes and their interactions are more complex at the system level than those for normal crashes. The proposed framework can effectively map the intrinsic link between multiple crash factors and potential risks, providing transportation agencies with helpful insights for targeted safety measures and preventive strategies.

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“…These accidents often have extremely serious consequences for passengers and cargo [ 1 , 2 ]. The phenomenon of vehicle rollover occurs when the driver suddenly steers at high speed [ 3 ]. At this time, a centrifugal force of great magnitude will appear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The phenomenon of vehicle rollover occurs when the driver suddenly steers at high speed [3]. At this time, a centrifugal force of great magnitude will appear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a novel fuzzy 3-inputs algorithms to control the active hydraulic stabilizer bar with the complex model of the vehicle nonlinear dynamics

Nguyen

2023

PLoS ONE

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Under the influence of centrifugal force, the rollover phenomenon may occur. The vehicle rolls over when the wheel is completely separated from the road surface, i.e., the vertical force of the wheel is reduced to zero. To overcome this problem, the active stabilizer bar is used at the front and rear axles of the vehicle. The active stabilizer bar works on the difference in fluid pressure inside the hydraulic motor. This article is aimed at studying the vehicle rollover dynamics when the hydraulic stabilizer bar is used. In this article, the model of a complex dynamic is established. This is a combination of the model of spatial dynamics, the model of nonlinear double-track dynamics, and the nonlinear tire model. The operation of the hydraulic actuator is controlled by a fuzzy algorithm with 3-inputs. The defuzzification rule is determined based on the combination of 27 cases. The process of calculation and simulation is done with four specific cases corresponding to steering angles. In each case, three situations were investigated. Besides, the speed of the vehicle is also gradually increased from v1 to v4. As a result of the simulation, which was performed in the MATLAB-Simulink environment, the output values such as roll angle, change of the vertical force, and roll index were significantly reduced when the active stabilizer bar was used. If the vehicle does not use the stabilizer bar, the vehicle may roll over in both the second, third, and fourth cases. If the vehicle uses a mechanical stabilizer bar, this also occurs in the third and fourth cases (only at a very high velocity, v4). However, the rollover phenomenon did not occur if the vehicle used a hydraulic stabilizer bar controlled by the fuzzy 3-inputs algorithm. In all investigated cases, the stability and safety of the vehicle are always guaranteed. Besides, the responsiveness of the controller is also very good. An experimental process needs to be conducted to verify the correctness of this research.

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Research on the speed thresholds of trucks in a sharp turn based on dynamic rollover risk levels

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Why Do Drivers’ Collision Avoidance Maneuvers Tend to Cause SUVs to Sideslip or Rollover on Horizontal Curve and Grade Combinations?—An Analysis of the Causes Based on a Modified Multibody Dynamics Model

Why Do Drivers’ Collision Avoidance Maneuvers Tend to Cause SUVs to Sideslip or Rollover on Horizontal Curve and Grade Combinations?—An Analysis of the Causes Based on a Modified Multibody Dynamics Model

Multivariate analysis of roadway multi-fatality crashes using association rules mining and rules graph structures: A case study in China

Using a novel fuzzy 3-inputs algorithms to control the active hydraulic stabilizer bar with the complex model of the vehicle nonlinear dynamics

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