Research Progress of Multiple Primary Malignancies Associated With Esophageal Cancer

Abstract

With the improvement in survival of patients with tumors, and continuous advancement of diagnostic technology and treatment modalities, instances of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) are becoming an increasingly common phenomenon. The occurrence of esophageal-relevant MPMs increases the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment, and the overall prognosis is poor. Esophageal cancer related-MPMs tend to occur in areas such as the head, neck, stomach, and lungs. “Field cancerization” is one theoretical basis for the disease, and chemoradiotherapy, environmental life factors, and gene polymorphism are etiological factors. However, the influence of new therapeutic methods on MPM is still unclear, and the relationship between gene polymorphism and MPMs related to esophageal cancer needs further elucidation. Additionally, there is a lack of unified standards for diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to review the causes, clinical features, and prognostic factors of MPMs related to esophageal cancer.

Metachronous Multiple Primary Inoperable Squamous Cancer of the Esophagus: Case Report

“…Реже метахронные опухоли ПМЗН пищевода наблюдаются в толстой кишке, предстательной железе, молочной железе, печени и других локализациях (табл. 1) [10][11][12][13][14].…”

“…Данные et al [14] выявлен более высокий уровень послеоперационной смертности (8,5-9,3 %) при ПМЗН, ассоциированных с РП. Пациенты с ПМЗН, получавшие комбинированную терапию на основе хирургического вмешательства (хирургическое вмешательство в сочетании с ХТ или ЛТ), имели более длительное время выживания, чем те, которым было выполнено оперативное лечение [12][13][14][15]. Довольно часто возникают трудности в выборе тактики лечения у пациентов с ПМЗН, поэтому требуется мультидисциплинарный и индивидуальный подход к лечению.…”

Esophageal cancer: A global challenge requiring tailored strategies

“…Esophageal cancer, a formidable adversary in the realm of oncology, continues to exact a heavy toll on global health, underscoring the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to combat this malignancy[ 1 ]. As highlighted in the insightful review conducted by Qu et al [ 2 ], the landscape of esophageal cancer care is characterized by multifaceted challenges, ranging from geographical variations in incidence to debates surrounding early detection and therapeutic management[ 2 ].…”