Research Progress on Preparation, Mechanism, and Clinical Application of Nanofat

Abstract

Autologous adipose tissue is an ideal soft tissue filling material in theory, which has the advantages of easy access, comprehensive source, and high biocompatibility and is now widely used in clinical practice. Based on the above benefits of autologous fat, autologous fat grafting is an essential technique in plastic surgery. Conventional macrofat is used to improve structural changes after soft tissue damage or loss caused by various causes such as disease, trauma, or aging. Due to the large diameter of particles and to avoid serious complications such as fat embolism, blunt needles with larger diameters (2mm) are required, making the macrofat grafting difficult to the deep dermis and sub-dermis. Nanofat grafting is a relatively new technology that has gained popularity in cosmetic surgery in recent years. Nanofat is produced by mechanical shuffling and filtration of microfat, which is harvested by liposuction. The harvesting and processing of nanofat are cost-effective as it does not require additional equipment or culture time. Unlike microfat, nanofat particles are too small to provide a notable volumizing effect. Studies have shown that nanofat contains abundant stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), which help reconstruct dermal support structures, such as collagen, and regenerate healthier, younger-looking skin. Moreover, the fluid consistency of nanofat allows application in tissue regeneration, such as scars, chronic wounds, and facial rejuvenation. This article reviews the current research progress on the preparation, mechanism, and clinical application of nanofat.

PHAT Lips and PHAT Face: Platelet Hybridized Adipose Therapy for Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System and Dermal Rejuvenation

“…Coincident with this, noninvasive techniques have trended towards regenerative medicine, focusing on the efficacy of autologous stem cell transfer in healing and tissue repair. Autologous platelet and fat concentrates are promising therapeutic agents in regenerative medicine since they are a great source of cytokines, growth factors and other biologically active substances [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] .…”

“…These studies have demonstrated excellent clinical evidence of the role of fat cells as well as adipocyte-derived stem cells in stimulating skin rejuvenation. It has previously shown efficacy for burn scars, fibrosis, pain and radiation damage [15][16][17][18] . PRP and its effects on facial rejuvenation have been described.…”

“…Autologous platelet and fat concentrates are promising therapeutic agents in regenerative medicine since they are a great source of cytokines, growth factors, and other biologically active substances. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Novel approaches toward facial rejuvenation include platelet-rich plasma (PRP) 9,10 and Platelet Hybridized Adipose Transplant (PHAT) 11 which we describe here. Fat grafting has been extensively applied as natural filler and has been very promising in restoring volume loss.…”

“…It has previously shown efficacy for burn scars, fibrosis, pain, and radiation damage. [15][16][17][18] PRP and its effects on facial rejuvenation have been described. PRP is a product made by concentrating human blood, to separate the plasma and platelet-rich portions of the blood.…”

The LipoDerm Method for Regeneration and Reconstruction in Plastic Surgery: A Technical Experimental Ex Vivo Note

“…Nanofat is a new technique that has recently gained popularity in cosmetic surgery. Studies have shown that nanofat contains no viable adipocytes but is more abundant in stromal vascular fraction cells and adipose-derived stem cells [ 14 ], thereby enhancing skin quality and promoting tissue regeneration. It is also liquid, in comparison to other types of fat, due to the absence of adipocytes, which means that it lacks a volumizing effect [ 15 ].…”