“…A vigorous collective effort was mounted to overcome this opposition, entailing the formulation of counter-arguments in support of psychotherapy as a fully legitimate specialization in social work (e.g., Fizdale, 1975;Frank, 1980;Hollis, 1982;Hollis and Woods, 1981;Lieberman 1982;Mishne, 1976Mishne, ,1980Pinkus et al, 1977;Strean, 1974Strean, ,1978Strean, , 1980Turner, 1978) and the organization of new professional associations to funher advance the psychotherapeutic aspirations of social workers. The organization of the first state level clinical social work societies in the 1960's was followed by the establishment of the National Federation of State Societies for Clinical Social Work (NFSSCSW) in 1971 (Pharis, 1973;Pharis and Williams, 1984).…”