Residual elastic strain in rocks

Stress Field of the Earth’s Crust

“…An example of type (5) RS is the development and visualization of RS in cemented sandstone given experimentally by Friedman (1972) and numerically by Zang and Stöckl (1991). The photographs of Gallagher's (1971) Ph.D. thesis in Friedman's (1972) article consist of vertically loaded, naturally shaped grains of transparent material of type CR-39 (Fig.…”

“…The photographs of Gallagher's (1971) Ph.D. thesis in Friedman's (1972) article consist of vertically loaded, naturally shaped grains of transparent material of type CR-39 (Fig. 4.5a ) and the same model cemented with epoxy and the load removed (Fig.…”

“…Soft bars will store higher strains while stiff bars attract higher stresses. For this rock model, Holzhausen and Johnson (1979) calculated residual stresses based on the idea of Friedman's (1972) locked-in stresses in the grain-cement model. After loading (Fig.…”

“…In the first scenario, a porous quartz grain aggregate is consolidated and unstressed cement is built into the pore space in one step similar to Friedman's (1972) grain-cement model. In the second scenario, diagenesis is modelled by filling the pore space in eight steps at increasing stress (Fig.…”

The bowing potential of granitic rocks: rock fabrics, thermal properties and residual strain

“…In the case of the investigated granitoids residual strain values were detected by neutron diffraction, ranging from -1.7 9 10 -3 (compression) to 0.59 9 10 -3 (expansion). Friedman (1972) reported about quartz residual strain magnitudes in different granites up to 0.25 9 10 -3 , equivalent to a stress of about 20 MPa, measured by X-ray diffraction technique.…”