Residual oxygen content and powder recycling: Effects on surface roughness and porosity of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

Emminghaus, Nicole; Hoff, Christian; Hermsdorf, Jörg; Kaierle, Stefan

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2021.102093

Cited by 25 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 58 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This can result in enhanced impedance matching and attenuation of EM waveabsorbing PDC materials [10,32,[35][36][37][38][39][40]. The emergence of 3D printing technology for ceramics, such as digital light processing (DLP), overcomes the challenge of fabricating ceramics with arbitrarily complex shapes [41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Therefore, the combination of DLP and PDC is a feasible strategy for the fabrication of high-performance EM wave-absorbing ceramics with complex micro/nanostructures and metamaterial structures in a rapid, mold-free, and inexpensive manner [41,43,48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The emergence of 3D printing technology for ceramics, such as digital light processing (DLP), overcomes the challenge of fabricating ceramics with arbitrarily complex shapes [41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. Therefore, the combination of DLP and PDC is a feasible strategy for the fabrication of high-performance EM wave-absorbing ceramics with complex micro/nanostructures and metamaterial structures in a rapid, mold-free, and inexpensive manner [41,43,48]. In a recent study [48], a modified polysilazane precursor using acrylate was developed, and several complex structures of Si-C-N ceramic/carbon nanotube composites were prepared using DLP 3D printing technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Digital Light Processing 3D-Printed Ceramic Metamaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Combining 3D printing with precursor-derived ceramic for fabricating electromagnetic (EM) wave-absorbing metamaterials has attracted great attention. This study presents a novel ultraviolet-curable polysiloxane precursor for digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing to fabricate ceramic parts with complex geometry, no cracks and linear shrinkage. Guiding with the principles of impedance matching, attenuation, and effective-medium theory, we design a cross-helix-array metamaterial model based on the complex permittivity constant of precursor-derived ceramics. The corresponding ceramic metamaterials can be successfully prepared by DLP printing and subsequent pyrolysis process, achieving a low reflection coefficient and a wide effective absorption bandwidth in the X-band even under high temperature. This is a general method that can be extended to other bands, which can be realized by merely adjusting the unit structure of metamaterials. This strategy provides a novel and effective avenue to achieve “target-design-fabricating” ceramic metamaterials, and it exposes the downstream applications of highly efficient and broad EM wave-absorbing materials and structures with great potential applications.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Light Processing 3D-Printed Ceramic Metamaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gorji et al observed a higher hardness of recycled 316L powder compared to the virgin counterpart and attributed it to the higher porosity of the recycled powder that decreased its hardness [58]. In the present case of higher hardness of the specimens made of virgin powder, this is not a suitable explanation as the porosity was not influenced by the type of powder that was used, as investigated in an earlier work [37]. Consequently, the relationship between the used powder and the resulting hardness seems to be more complex and probably also depends on the alloy itself with its chemical composition and the grade of recycling as well as on the employed experimental equipment.…”

Section: Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…With increasing residual oxygen content within the processing atmosphere, an increasing oxygen content within the built parts and an increase in tensile strength could be observed that the authors attributed to the interstitial effects of oxygen like the impediment of dislocation movement [35]. Furthermore, an earlier work of the authors revealed a significant influence of the residual oxygen content and powder recycling on the roughness and reproducibility [37]. This demonstrates that the residual oxygen content and powder recycling should be considered determining factors for the mechanical properties in PBF-LB/M.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Residual oxygen content and powder recycling: effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V parts

Emminghaus

Bernhard

Hermsdorf

et al. 2022

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The laser-based powder bed fusion of metals (PBF-LB/M) offers a variety of advantages over conventional processing techniques and the possibility to recycle and reuse powder increases its sustainability. However, the process and resulting part properties are influenced by a variety of factors including powder recycling grade and residual oxygen content of the process atmosphere. Especially in terms of reactive materials like Ti-6Al-4V, oxidation during processing and recycling determines process stability and reproducibility. This work therefore focusses on the influence of the conventionally varied processing parameters as well as atmosphere residual oxygen content process and powder recycling on the microstructure and mechanical properties. For this purpose, the design of experiments approach is used and by evaluation of regression models, effect sizes and interactions are given. Additionally, two different etching techniques were employed to reveal different aspects of the microstructure. While no significant influence of powder recycling and residual oxygen on the microstructure could be observed, they both significantly influence the mechanical properties. A maximum hardness of 470 HV0.1, a maximum ultimate tensile strength of 1252.3 MPa, and a maximum elongation at break of 17.8 % were obtained. The results demonstrate the importance of the processing atmosphere’s residual oxygen content and of taking into account the changing powder characteristics during recycling as well as its effect on the part properties.

show abstract

“…Reusing and recycling metal powder has an effect on the part properties such as surface roughness, density, hardness, tensile strength, fatigue, fracture toughness etc. and powder properties such as particle size distribution (PSD), packing density and morphology [3] [4]. The SS316L stainless steel material is often used in the medical and aerospace industries where corrosion resistant parts are required [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of powder recycling on laser-based powder bed fusion produced SS316L parts

Gopaluni,

Nayak,

Piironen

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) is one of the extensively used additive manufacturing (AM) methods as the parts printed by PBF-LB/M have high resolution due to low layer thickness. Recycling and Reusing of the powder in this process has a significant impact on the surface roughness, mechanical properties such as hardness, elastic modulus and fracture strength etc. of the manufactured parts. The aim of the present study is to understand the effects of powder recycling on the properties of SS316L parts such as hardness and surface roughness. The developed method featured the use of SS316L powder five times over with weight percentage adjusted as required for the build job. The printed parts were checked for surface roughness across different surfaces with respect to the build direction along with Vickers hardness test. The surface roughness of the parts before polishing showed a steady increasing trend of about 40% with the recycling count while there was no significant effect on hardness as the values stayed in the range of 230+/-5 HV. Powder morphology studies with SEM displayed visible changes in terms of satellite formations, broken particles etc. with the increase in counts of recycling and particle size distribution showed a linear increase with the increase in recycling counts. This study was performed within the limited scope of a bigger study for which a detailed methodology of powder recycling will be developed.

show abstract

Residual oxygen content and powder recycling: Effects on surface roughness and porosity of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V

Cited by 25 publications

References 58 publications

Digital Light Processing 3D-Printed Ceramic Metamaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Digital Light Processing 3D-Printed Ceramic Metamaterials for Electromagnetic Wave Absorption

Residual oxygen content and powder recycling: effects on microstructure and mechanical properties of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V parts

Effects of powder recycling on laser-based powder bed fusion produced SS316L parts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About