Residue behavior and safety evaluation of pymetrozine in tea

Abstract

BACKGROUND Pymetrozine is a widely used pesticide. It is challenging to analyze and difficult to manage due to the large gap in its global maximum residue limits (MRLs) in tea. The development of a high‐efficiency detection method for the evaluation of the transfer of residual pymetrozine from tea plantations to tea cups is therefore of prime significance. RESULTS An analytical method for the determination of pymetrozine residues in tea was established based on Cleanert PCX solid‐phase extraction. The average recoveries were 72.2–93.7%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 12%. The limits of quantification (LOQs) were 0.005 mg·kg−1 in fresh tea leaves and dry tea, and 0.00025 mg·L−1 in tea brew. Pymetrozine degraded rapidly in tea plants with a half‐life (t1/2) of 1.9 days in open tea plantations, and decreased by 9.4–23.7% in the green tea‐processing procedure, which was concentration dependent. The residual pymetrozine levels in green tea collected at 6 and 21 days were below the MRLs in China and EU at a dosage of 30 g a.i. ha−1, respectively. The leaching rates of pymetrozine from dry tea to tea brew were 58.7–96.3%. Hazard quotient (HQ) values of pymetrozine were significantly <100% when tea shoots were plucked in 6 days, which indicated a negligible risk to humans. CONCLUSION This work allows the determination of residual pymetrozine in tea and illustrates a low intake risk with the use of pymetrozine in tea plantations. It could serve as reference for further regulation consideration for maximum residue limits (MRLs). © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Residue Analysis and Dietary Risk Assessment of Pymetrozine in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Chrysanthemum morifolium (Ramat)

“…In 2022, 340 samples of S. tuberosum and C. morifolium were randomly collected from agricultural wholesale markets and supermarkets in 17 different regions according to the guideline on sampling for pesticide residue analysis (Jilin, Shangdong, Beijing, Hunan, Henan, Qinghai, Guizhou, Chongqing, Hubei, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiansu and Gan su) of China [24]. In each region, we obtained at least 20 S. tuberosum and C. morifolium samples for a total of 200 S. tuberosum samples and 140 C. morifolium samples.…”

Detection methods, migration patterns, and health effects of pesticide residues in tea

“…In another study, Yu et al. (2021) established an SPE method based on Cleanert PCX for the determination of pyrazolin in tea. The average recovery of this method was 72.2%–93.7%, the RSD was less than 12%, and the limit of quantification was 0.005 mg/kg.…”

“…Due to multiple interactions between adsorbent and OPPs, including π-π bond, hydrogen bond, and charge transfer, the adsorbent can be used for the extraction of OPPs (fenthion, parathion, fenthion, and phoxim). In another study, Yu et al (2021) established an SPE method based on Cleanert PCX for the determination of pyrazolin in tea. The average recovery of this method was 72.2%-93.7%, the RSD was less than 12%, and the limit of quantification was 0.005 mg/kg.…”

Environmental and Human Health Hazards from Chlorpyrifos, Pymetrozine and Avermectin Application in China under a Climate Change Scenario: A Comprehensive Review

“…Previous studies on the contamination, exposure, and health risk assessment of Pymetrozine via environmental routes [20,21,24,[106][107][108][109][110] are described in the following paragraphs. [24] carried out field trials in supervised rice fields in Zhejiang, Anhui, and Beijing for two consecutive years.…”