“…The concept of resilience in tourism has been examined from the perspective of community tourism planning (Becken, 2013;Holladay & Powell, 2013Ruiz-Ballesteros, 2011), tourism in protected areas (Espiner & Becken, 2014;Strickland-Munro, Allison, & Moore, 2010), employment (Sydnor-Bousso et al, 2011), environmental governance (Luthe & Wyss, 2014;Sheppard, 2017), business sustainability (Biggs, Hall, & Stoeckl, 2012;Orchiston, 2013), and business vulnerability (Calgaro, Lloyd, & Dominey-Howes, 2014;Guo, Zhang, Zhang, & Zheng, 2018;Sheppard & Williams, 2016). Further, the literature discussed the value of sustainable tourism versus tourism resilience (Lew, 2014) calling to unify both approaches (Cheer & Lew, 2017;Pechlaner & Innerhofer, 2018;Walker & Salt, 2006), add resilience as a new dimension of sustainability (Carpenter, Walker, Anderies, & Abel, 2001;Espiner, Orchiston, & Higham, 2017;Strickland-Munro et al, 2010), and even suggesting to completely replace the concept of sustainability with the concept of resilience (Butler, 2018). these concepts.…”