“…In recent decades, the advancement of road and bridge structures along with their optimization in design and construction has attracted much attention. Development and structural optimization based on mathematical and numerical analysis have resulted in strategies applied primarily for fruitful and sustainable design in road and bridge construction [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. For instance, the strength of bridge elements can be significantly increased using Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites due to their outstanding performance [18].…”
“…In recent decades, the advancement of road and bridge structures along with their optimization in design and construction has attracted much attention. Development and structural optimization based on mathematical and numerical analysis have resulted in strategies applied primarily for fruitful and sustainable design in road and bridge construction [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. For instance, the strength of bridge elements can be significantly increased using Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites due to their outstanding performance [18].…”
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