Resolvin E1 Improves Mitochondrial Function in Human Alveolar Epithelial Cells during Severe Inflammation

Abstract

Severe inflammatory disorders such as sepsis are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction is regarded as a key feature involved in inflammation pathogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the impact of the omega‐3 fatty acid‐derived lipid mediator Resolvin E1 (RvE1) on mitochondrial function in experimental pulmonary inflammation. RvE1 was found to exert anti‐inflammatory properties in human alveolar epithelial cells during severe inflammation. RvE1 is capable of restoring inflammation‐induced mitochondrial dysfunction and the impaired imbalance of mitochondrial fission and fusion. Experimental inhibition of mitochondrial fission with Mdivi‐1 in our model is associated with a significantly reduced inflammatory response and improved mitochondrial function. These findings suggest a novel functional mechanism for the beneficial effects of RvE1 in experimental pulmonary inflammatory reactions.

A unique radioprotective effect of resolvin E1 reduces irradiation-induced damage to the inner ear by inhibiting the inflammatory response

“…RvE1 is a trihydroxy derivative of the polyunsaturated fatty acid EPA, and is found in sh oil and sea food. RvE1 possesses a remarkable treatment effect for many in ammation-related diseases and conditions when administered via subcutaneous injection, intraperitoneal injection, intraplantar injection and intrathecal injection [11,[13][14][15][16][17]25]. In this study, after RvE1 was administered via intraperitoneal injection, we observed amelioration of inner ear damage after irradiation and changes of some of the in ammatory factors associated the in ammatory response.…”

“…Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is biosynthesized from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and shows remarkable potency in promoting resolution of in ammation and helping to prevent progression of an acute in ammatory response into chronic in ammation [11,12]. Anti-in ammatory effects of RvE1 have been previously studied and reported in many in ammation-related diseases and in several animal models of in ammation such as diabetic nephropathy, periodontitis, asthma, sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome [13][14][15][16][17]. The mechanisms of RvE1 in counteracting in ammation and promoting its resolution include suppression of procytokine expression/release, inhibition of leukocyte recruitment resulting in a reduction in the amount of local and circulatory cytokines that attenuate the in ammatory responses, and induction of macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils [15,18].…”

A unique radioprotective effect of resolvin E1 reduces irradiation-induced damage to the inner ear by inhibiting the inflammatory response

“…RvE1 is a trihydroxy derivative of the polyunsaturated fatty acid EPA, and is found in fish oil and sea food. RvE1 possesses a remarkable treatment effect for many inflammation-related diseases and conditions when administered via subcutaneous injection, intraperitoneal injection, intraplantar injection and intrathecal injection [11,[13][14][15][16][17]25]. In this study, we adopted intraperitoneal injection with 1 µg RvE1 [11,16] and achieved the expected results.…”

“…The molecular mechanisms underlying the RvE1 anti-inflammatory activity and promotion of inflammation resolution are complicated [15,17,18,26]. Among these complicated mechanisms, RvE1 modulation of inflammation-related cytokine expression plays an important role.…”

“…Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is biosynthesized from the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and shows remarkable potency in promoting resolution of inflammation and helping to prevent progression of an acute inflammatory response into chronic inflammation [11,12]. Antiinflammatory effects of RvE1 have been previously studied and reported in many inflammationrelated diseases and in several animal models of inflammation such as diabetic nephropathy, periodontitis, asthma, sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome [13][14][15][16][17]. The mechanisms of RvE1 in counteracting inflammation and promoting its resolution include suppression of procytokine expression/release, inhibition of leukocyte recruitment resulting in a reduction in the amount of local and circulatory cytokines that attenuate the inflammatory responses, and induction of macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic polymorphonuclear neutrophils [15,18].…”