Resonant Waves Play an Important Role in the Increasing Heat Waves in Northern Hemisphere Mid‐Latitudes Under Global Warming

He, Yang; Zhu, Xinhua; Sheng, Zheng; He, Mingyuan

doi:10.1029/2023gl104839

Cited by 18 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The amplification of short-wavelength waves (resonant waves caused by quasi-resonant amplification) is thought to reflect the effect of anthropogenic forces due to Arctic warming [25] and may explain extreme weather events in the north and south hemispheres [26][27][28]. Some studies have focused on a resonant oceanic response to stochastic atmospheric forcing [29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant Forcing by Solar Declination of Rossby Waves at the Tropopause and Implications in Extreme Events, Precipitation, and Heat Waves—Part 1: Theory

Pinault

2024

Atmosphere

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The purpose of this first article is to provide a physical basis for atmospheric Rossby waves at the tropopause to clarify their properties and improve our knowledge of their role in the genesis of extreme precipitation and heat waves. By analogy with the oceanic Rossby waves, the role played by the pycnocline in ocean Rossby waves is replaced here by the interface between the polar jet and the ascending air column at the meeting of the polar and Ferrel cell circulation or between the subtropical jet and the descending air column at the meeting of the Ferrel and Hadley cell circulation. In both cases, the Rossby waves are suitable for being resonantly forced in harmonic modes by tuning their natural period to the forcing period. Here, the forcing period is one year as a result of the variation in insolation due to solar declination. A search for cause-and-effect relationships is performed from the joint representation of the amplitude and phase of (1) the velocity of the cold or warm modulated airflows at 250 mb resulting from Rossby waves, (2) the geopotential height at 500 mb, and (3) the precipitation rate or ground air temperature. This is for the dominant harmonic mode whose period can be 1/16, 1/32, or 1/64 year, which reflects the intra-seasonal variations in the rising and falling air columns at the meeting of the polar, Ferrel, and Hadley cell circulation. Harmonics determine the duration of blocking. Two case studies referring to extreme cold and heat waves are presented. Dual cyclone–anticyclone systems seem to favor extreme events. They are formed by two joint vortices of opposite signs reversing over a period, concomitantly with the involved modulated airflows at the tropopause. A second article will be oriented toward (1) the examination of different case studies in order to ascertain the common characteristics of Rossby wave patterns leading to extreme events and (2) a map of the globe revealing future trends in the occurrence of extreme events.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resonant Forcing by Solar Declination of Rossby Waves at the Tropopause and Implications in Extreme Events, Precipitation, and Heat Waves—Part 1: Theory

Pinault

2024

Atmosphere

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“…However, the wind field in near space changes significantly with height and time, which is much faster than the temperature field in this region. Moreover, there are unique multi‐scale atmospheric fluctuations (turbulence, gravity wave, planetary wave) and their interactions in near space (He et al., 2023; Zhang et al., 2022). At present, the spatio‐temporal modeling and fine prediction methods for the wind fields mainly include numerical prediction models, empirical statistical analysis and artificial intelligence models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐Precision and Fast Prediction of Regional Wind Fields in Near Space Using Neural‐Network Approximation of Operators

Chen,

Sheng,

2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Fine modeling and fast prediction of regional wind field in the middle and upper atmosphere has always been a difficult problem. We designed a neural operator method to solve this problem. We combine the idea of data assimilation with deep learning method to design a regional wind field operator suitable for near space. The annual Root mean square error of the zonal wind and meridional wind of the operator model at the height of 30 km are 0.903 and 0.881, respectively, which is three times that of ConvLSTM. Moreover, we validate the sparse spatio‐temporal modeling method of regional wind field operator at 20/30/40/50 km altitude. The result shows that the model is mesh‐free, and can get high‐precision modeling of different spatio‐temporal resolutions, multiple regions and arbitrary positions at one time, which lays an foundation for fine regional modeling and rapid utilization of near space.

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2023: Weather and Climate Extremes Hitting the Globe with Emerging Features

Zhang,

Clark,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Adv. Atmos. Sci.

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Globally, 2023 was the warmest observed year on record since at least 1850 and, according to proxy evidence, possibly of the past 100 000 years. As in recent years, the record warmth has again been accompanied with yet more extreme weather and climate events throughout the world. Here, we provide an overview of those of 2023, with details and key background causes to help build upon our understanding of the roles of internal climate variability and anthropogenic climate change. We also highlight emerging features associated with some of these extreme events. Hot extremes are occurring earlier in the year, and increasingly simultaneously in differing parts of the world (e.g., the concurrent hot extremes in the Northern Hemisphere in July 2023). Intense cyclones are exacerbating precipitation extremes (e.g., the North China flooding in July and the Libya flooding in September). Droughts in some regions (e.g., California and the Horn of Africa) have transitioned into flood conditions. Climate extremes also show increasing interactions with ecosystems via wildfires (e.g., those in Hawaii in August and in Canada from spring to autumn 2023) and sandstorms (e.g., those in Mongolia in April 2023). Finally, we also consider the challenges to research that these emerging characteristics present for the strategy and practice of adaptation.

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Resonant Waves Play an Important Role in the Increasing Heat Waves in Northern Hemisphere Mid‐Latitudes Under Global Warming

Abstract: In recent decades, a series of heat waves have occurred in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, including the

Cited by 18 publications

References 65 publications

Resonant Forcing by Solar Declination of Rossby Waves at the Tropopause and Implications in Extreme Events, Precipitation, and Heat Waves—Part 1: Theory

Resonant Forcing by Solar Declination of Rossby Waves at the Tropopause and Implications in Extreme Events, Precipitation, and Heat Waves—Part 1: Theory

High‐Precision and Fast Prediction of Regional Wind Fields in Near Space Using Neural‐Network Approximation of Operators

2023: Weather and Climate Extremes Hitting the Globe with Emerging Features

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