Respect for males amid suppression of females: Selective use of aggression and fitness correlates in the male-dominated society of hamadryas baboons

Evans, Katarina D.; Swedell, Larissa; Chowdhury, Shahrina

doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103151

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In baboon societies, especially the Hamadryas baboon, aggression is frequent (Evans et al 2022 ). Thus, these primates possessing large canines are perceived as potentially dangerous for humans by villagers in many African regions (Uganda: Hill 1997 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animals evoking fear in the Cradle of Humankind: snakes, scorpions, and large carnivores

Frynta

Elmi

Rexová

et al. 2023

Sci Nat

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Theories explain the presence of fears and specific phobias elicited by animals in contemporary WEIRD (Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic) populations by their evolutionary past in Africa. Nevertheless, empirical data about fears of animals in the Cradle of Humankind are still fragmentary. To fill this gap, we examined which local animals are perceived as the most frightening by Somali people, who inhabit a markedly similar environment and the region where humans have evolved. We asked 236 raters to rank 42 stimuli according to their elicited fear. The stimuli were standardized pictures of species representing the local fauna. The results showed that the most frightening animals were snakes, scorpions, the centipede, and large carnivores (cheetahs and hyenas). These were followed up by lizards and spiders. Unlike in Europe, spiders represent less salient stimuli than scorpions for Somali respondents in this study. This conforms to the hypothesis suggesting that fear of spiders was extended or redirected from other chelicerates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%