Respiratory Responses to Hypoxia in Fish

Hughes, G. M.

doi:10.1093/icb/13.2.475

Cited by 173 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Exposing rainbow trout to P. parvum showed the same gill irritant telltale signs: a sharp increase in C f (Figure 2), and a high MO 2 (Figures 1 and 2) and V f (Figure 2) that subsequently decrease. Though not part of FATS, the average per breath oxygen uptake yielded results that are similar to the oxygen uptake efficiency [58,59]. The change indicates a small decrease in overall efficiency caused by the increasing volume ventilation due to high MO 2 ( Figure 2, 0-40% exposure).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Fish: Insights from Prymnesium parvum

Svendsen

Andersen

Hansen

et al. 2018

Fishes

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Blooms of the planktonic alga Prymnesium parvum pose a global threat, causing fish kills worldwide. Early studies on the exposure of fish to P. parvum indicate that toxic effects are related to gill damage. The more strictly defined concept of adverse outcome pathways has been suggested as a replacement for the mode of action in toxicology studies. In this study, rainbow trout (Onchorhyncus mykiss) were exposed to P. parvum. During exposure, oxygen consumption was determined by respirometry, and ventilation and coughing rate were determined via video surveillance. Per breath oxygen consumption was calculated to assess the ventilation effort to obtain a unit of oxygen. A second experiment monitored fish behavior to assess recovery. The results indicated that oxygen consumption initially increased, but on average fell below the standard oxygen consumption at 70% relative exposure. Being a function of ventilation frequency and oxygen consumption, the per breath oxygen consumption decreased throughout exposure. Behavioral results determined that short-term P. parvum exposure subsequently caused the exposed fish to seek flow refuge immediately and to a greater extent than unexposed fish. The adverse outcome pathway of P. parvum on rainbow trout is that P. parvum acts as a gill irritant resulting in non-recoverable respiratory failure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Fish: Insights from Prymnesium parvum

Svendsen

Andersen

Hansen

et al. 2018

Fishes

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“…In any event, researchers should aim to maintain dissolved oxygen levels in the respirometer above 80% air saturation at all times to minimise the chance of M O2 measurements being influenced by hypoxia-induced metabolic adjustments (e.g. Hughes, 1973). However, as noise and drift are low in modern optode systems, there is little purpose in letting kg −1 obtained after 16h) due to spontaneous activity of the fish.…”

Section: Respirometer Design and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic scope measurements of fishes in an era of climate change: respirometry, relevance and recommendations

Clark

Sandblom

Jutfelt

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

768

870

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SummaryMeasurements of aerobic scope [the difference between minimum and maximum oxygen consumption rate (M O2,min and M O2,max , respectively)] are increasing in prevalence as a tool to address questions relating to fish ecology and the effects of climate change. However, there are underlying issues regarding the array of methods used to measure aerobic scope across studies and species. In an attempt to enhance quality control before the diversity of issues becomes too great to remedy, this paper outlines common techniques and pitfalls associated with measurements of M O2,min , M O2,max and aerobic scope across species and under different experimental conditions. Additionally, we provide a brief critique of the oxygen-and capacity-limited thermal tolerance (OCLTT) hypothesis, a concept that is intricately dependent on aerobic scope measurements and is spreading wildly throughout the literature despite little evidence for its general applicability. It is the intention of this paper to encourage transparency and accuracy in future studies that measure the aerobic metabolism of fishes, and to highlight the fundamental issues with assuming broad relevance of the OCLTT hypothesis.

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“…increasing ventilation, lamellar perfusion) or the rate of circulatory O 2 transport (e.g. increasing haemoglobin content or blood flow, changes in the concentration of allosteric modifiers) to counteract the effects of O 2 limitation on aerobic metabolism in hypoxia (Holeton and Randall, 1967;Hughes, 1973;Powers, 1977, 1978;Nikinmaa and Soivio, 1982;Claireaux et al, 1988;Weber and Jensen, 1988;Perry et al, 2009). At any oxygen tension (P O2 ) above the critical oxygen tension (P crit ), tissue O 2 supply is sufficient to meet metabolic demands, and support some aerobic scope for activity (Burton and Heath, 1980;Pörtner and Grieshaber, 1993;Lefrancois et al, 2005;Pörtner, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct physiological strategies are used to cope with constant hypoxia and intermittent hypoxia in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)

Borowiec

Darcy

Gillette

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Many fish encounter hypoxia on a daily cycle, but the physiological effects of intermittent hypoxia are poorly understood. We investigated whether acclimation to constant (sustained) hypoxia or to intermittent diel cycles of nocturnal hypoxia (12 h normoxia:12 h hypoxia) had distinct effects on hypoxia tolerance or on several determinants of O 2 transport and O 2 utilization in estuarine killifish. Adult killifish were acclimated to normoxia, constant hypoxia, or intermittent hypoxia for 7 or 28 days in brackish water (4 ppt). Acclimation to both hypoxia patterns led to comparable reductions in critical O 2 tension and resting O 2 consumption rate, but only constant hypoxia reduced the O 2 tension at loss of equilibrium. Constant (but not intermittent) hypoxia decreased filament length and the proportion of seawatertype mitochondrion-rich cells in the gills (which may reduce ion loss and the associated costs of active ion uptake), increased blood haemoglobin content, and reduced the abundance of oxidative fibres in the swimming muscle. In contrast, only intermittent hypoxia augmented the oxidative and gluconeogenic enzyme activities in the liver and increased the capillarity of glycolytic muscle, each of which should facilitate recovery between hypoxia bouts. Neither exposure pattern affected muscle myoglobin content or the activities of metabolic enzymes in the brain or heart, but intermittent hypoxia increased brain mass. We conclude that the pattern of hypoxia exposure has an important influence on the mechanisms of acclimation, and that the optimal strategies used to cope with intermittent hypoxia may be distinct from those for coping with constant hypoxia.

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Respiratory Responses to Hypoxia in Fish

Cited by 173 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Fish: Insights from Prymnesium parvum

Effects of Harmful Algal Blooms on Fish: Insights from Prymnesium parvum

Aerobic scope measurements of fishes in an era of climate change: respirometry, relevance and recommendations

Distinct physiological strategies are used to cope with constant hypoxia and intermittent hypoxia in killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus)

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