Response of Some Bread Wheat Cultivars to Irrigation Water Quality

Abstract

Abstract:A field trial was conducted in a private farm at AL-Hur region, holy Kerbala governorate -Iraq during [2015][2016] growing season. Six bread wheat cultivars were grown, namely lpa-99 AL-Rasheed, Abu-Ghraib-3, AL-Fateh, AL-Hussein and Bohooth-22 and irrigated with three water qualities: fresh river water, drainage water and alternate irrigation (fresh river water and drainage water). The design was Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B. D) with three replicates. The objective was to investigate the effect of different irrigation water qualities on some tolerance and susceptibly criteria of these cultivars. Stress susceptibly index (SSI), stress tolerance index (STI), tolerance of cultivars: (TOI), yield index (YI) and yield stability index (YSI) were studied. Results indicated that AL-Hussein cultivar gave the highest values of grain yield (680.00, 655.00 and 569.33 g m -2 ) under fresh river water, alternate water and drainage water compared with the lowest values of ALRashid cultivar (527.33, 511.00 and 374.66 g m -2 ), respectively. The reduction of grain yield (g m -2 ) of AL Hussein was the lowest 16.28% compared with 35.64, 34.64, 33.00, 29.00 and 24.99% for Bohooth-22, Abu-Ghraib -3, AL-Fateh, AL-Rasheed and lpa-99, respectively. This means that AL-Hussain cultivar was the most tolerant to the salinity of irrigation water where it possessed the highest value 1.196 of stress tolerant index (STI) and the lowest value 0.094 of stress susceptibility index (STI) compared with other cultivars. The drainage water gave the lowest values of grain yield 429.33g m -2 compared with 601.22 g m -2 in fresh river water and the alternate water was in between 556.00 g m -2 . It can be concluded, that a tolerant cultivar should be grown when salinized irrigation water is practiced.