Response to Chemoimmunotherapy Is Associated With Expansion of Systemic Antitumor CD4+ Th1 Response in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Abstract

Limited data have reported the evolution of antitumor immune responses under chemoimmunotherapy (chemo-IO) in patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer. In this concise study, we performed dynamic monitoring of antitumor CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1) response in peripheral blood from 12 patients receiving a first-line chemo-IO. Tumor-reactive CD4+ Th1 cells were assessed within blood lymphocytes using interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot assay to detect telomerase (TERT)-specific T cells at baseline, 3 and 12 months after treatment. An induction of circulating anti-TERT CD4+ Th1 response were found in 6 of 12 patients at 3 months after chemo-IO. In contrast, 3 patients had a substantial decrease in their preexisting response and 3 remained nonimmune responders. Among patients with chemo-IO-induced immune response, half achieved an objective clinical response and had long-lasting circulating anti-TERT CD4+ Th1 cells detected for at least 1 year. In contrast, no objective response was documented in nonimmune responders and a link between the loss of anti-TERT CD4+ Th1 responses were observed in patients with progressive disease. This preliminary work supports a relationship between the efficacy of combinatorial chemo-IO and circulating anti-TERT CD4+ Th1 responses and highlights the interest to implement blood-based monitoring of tumor-reactive CD4+ T cells that could be additional help for patient management.

An Efficient 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Photodynamic Therapy Treatment for Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…As described previously, tumor secretoma after PDT can directly influence cancer cell metabolism, and as a part of the TME, it can also interact with other intra- and peritumor components, such as the tumor-infiltrating immune cells. This interaction is of utmost importance regarding the immune control or tolerance of the tumor, which thereby leads to further anti- or protumor immune response, respectively [ 17 ].…”

TRIM11 promotes cell proliferation of non‐small cell lung cancer through the inhibition of ferroptosis by AMPK

“…According to the 2020 GLOBOCAN report on global cancer statistics, there were 2.207 million new cases of lung cancer worldwide, ranking second only to breast cancer 2 . The number of deaths due to lung cancer was 1.796 million, making it the most deadly cancer type 3 . In China, lung cancer is not only the most common cancer in terms of incidence but also mortality 3 .…”

“… 2 The number of deaths due to lung cancer was 1.796 million, making it the most deadly cancer type. 3 In China, lung cancer is not only the most common cancer in terms of incidence but also mortality. 3 In 2020, the estimated number of new cases of lung cancer in China was 816 000, accounting for 17.9% of all new cancer cases, and the number of deaths was 715 000, accounting for 23.8% of all cancer deaths.…”

“… 3 In China, lung cancer is not only the most common cancer in terms of incidence but also mortality. 3 In 2020, the estimated number of new cases of lung cancer in China was 816 000, accounting for 17.9% of all new cancer cases, and the number of deaths was 715 000, accounting for 23.8% of all cancer deaths. 4 Based on age‐standardized rates (ASR), the incidence rate of lung cancer in Chinese men and women was 47.8 per 100 000 and 22.8 per 100 000, respectively, and the mortality rate was 41.8 per 100 000 and 19.7 per 100 000, respectively.…”