Response to glucose infusion in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes: changes in plasma glucose and insulin concentrations

Morgante, Massimo; Gianesella, Matteo; Casella, Stefania; Stelletta, Calogero; Cannizzo, Chiara; Giudice, Elisabetta; Piccione, Giuseppe

doi:10.1007/s00580-011-1208-5

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…(Herdt, Dart & Neuder, 2001) The evaluation of NEFA and BHB represents a strategy for the monitoring of subclinical ketosis and prepartum negative energy balance in dairy cows (Contreras, O'Boyle, Herdt, & Sordillo, 2010). The intravenous Glucose tolerance test (GTT) was useful o studying the physiological adaptation of animals to transition period since it produced a specific insulin response path (Morgante et al, 2012) Treatment should be carried out with the 40% glucose, glucocorticoids, propylene glycol, sodium propionate and B12 (greater propionate production). Should avoid excessive weight loss at calving (management body condition score).…”

Section: Ketosis and Fatty Liver Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

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Major Metabolic Diseases Affecting Cows in Transition Period

Bezerra

Neto²,

Araújo³

et al. 2014

IJB

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The aim of this study was to perform a literary review on the main metabolic diseases affecting cows during the transition period. The heat increment promoted by higher energy demand that occurs during the transition period between the end of lactation and early management, combined with low dry matter intake due to fetal growth major and consequent reduced ability of the rumen, make the dairy cow highly susceptible to the metabolic diseases ketosis, milk fever and hepatic lipidosis. The increase in blood concentrations of non-esterifies fatty acids during this transition period appear to be linked to the onset of these disorders and this can be explained by the high energy mobilization because of the negative energy balance. Diets with high energy density during this period are extremely necessary to minimize the effects of negative energy balance. In addition it is recommended to feed the animals with foods smaller particles because the capacity of the rumen is reduced. It also recommends the provision of lipid sources such as protected fat and vegetable oils that do not degrade the ruminal microorganisms and even precursors of glucose, such as propylene glycol or starchy concentrates, and not by lipid.

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Section: Ketosis and Fatty Liver Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This period is marked by changes, some of these are related to Alterations Increases in energy requirements driven by both fetal needs and lactogenesis, endocrine and metabolic preparing cows for childbirth and lactation (Morgante et al, 2012;Piccione et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major Metabolic Diseases Affecting Cows in Transition Period

Bezerra

Neto²,

Araújo³

et al. 2014

IJB

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“…Glucose metabolism takes on increased significance in the ruminants during pregnancy. (Morgante et al 2012). Increased glucose requirements of the gravid uterus during late pregnancy and even greater requirements of the lactating mammary glands necessitate major adjustments in glucose production and utilization in maternal liver, adipose tissue and other tissues (Fiore et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of some energetic parameters during transition period in dairy cows

Fiore

Piccione

Rizzo

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Animal Research

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of peripartum period and lactation class on serum β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), insulin and glucose concentration in dairy cows. Thirty-five multiparous Holstein cows were selected from a high-producing dairy farm. The animals were divided according to their lactation class: second lactation group (L2, n = 16), third lactation group (L3, n = 10) and fourth lactation group (L4, n = 9). Blood sampling were performed 7 ± 5 days before calving (Pre/C) and 7 ± 5 days after calving (Post/C). Two-way analysis of variance was applied to determine significant effects of lactation class (L2, L3 and L4) and period (Pre/C and Post/C) on studied parameters. Increased NEFA values and lower insulin levels were found in Post/C respect to Pre/C in L2 and L4. These changes highlight the difficulty of dairy cows to cope with the energy demand characterizing the transition period. Improving in knowledge of energetic metabolism changes may help to supply a new strategy of farm management and reproductive performance in dairy cows during the transition period.

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“…The time from late pregnancy to early lactation is known as the transition period and it is recognized as the period between 3 weeks before to 3 weeks after parturition in the ruminant [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Thyroid Hormones Levels and Metabolism in Dairy Cows around Calving

et al. 2017

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The hormonal activity of the thyroid gland has an important role in ruminants for the modulation of metabolic variables. In this study changes in thyroid hormones and biochemical parameters in dairy cows around calving were evaluated and the critical thyroid hormones thresholds for predicting the risk of ketosis were estimated. Blood samples were collected from 82 dairy cows at 5±3 days pre-partum and 5±3 days postpartum. Serum values of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), non-esterifi ed fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), insulin, glucose, Ca, Cl, Mg, P, K, Na, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT) and urea were evaluated. Signifi cant decrease in the levels of T3, T4 and TSH was found in the postpartum period. The values of T3 and T4 were negatively correlated with NEFA and BHB levels, and TSH values were negatively correlated with NEFA. A critical T3 threshold was found by means of ROC analysis for predicting the risk of ketosis. T3 values < 1.23 nmol/L were associated with BHB > 1.10 mmol/L in postpartum, which represents the BHB threshold commonly used as the indicator of hyperketonaemia.The results confi rm that the peripartum period is accompanied by marked changes in circulating thyroid hormone profile that is correlated with lipomobilization predictors.

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Response to glucose infusion in pregnant and nonpregnant ewes: changes in plasma glucose and insulin concentrations

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Major Metabolic Diseases Affecting Cows in Transition Period

Major Metabolic Diseases Affecting Cows in Transition Period

Adaptation of some energetic parameters during transition period in dairy cows

Changes in Thyroid Hormones Levels and Metabolism in Dairy Cows around Calving

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