Responses of soil greenhouse gas emissions to land use conversion and reversion—A global meta‐analysis

Feng, Zhaohui; Wang, Lingqing; Wan, Xiaoming; Yang, Jun; Peng, Qunjia; Liang, Tao; Wang, Yazhu; Zhong, Buqing; Rinklebe, Jörg

doi:10.1111/gcb.16370

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(133 reference statements)

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“…From each raster gradient, ~52.94% of the mean vegetation NPP growth proportion increased in four provinces of Southwest China from 2000 to 2020 (Appendix S1: Table S2). For example, we found that NPP increased obviously in the range 800–1500 g C m −2 year −1 , which should be related to the impact of the GGP in China (Bryan et al, 2018; Feng et al, 2022). Previous studies also indicated that NPP increased along with the increase in conversion forest and grassland areas after the GGP (Chen, Wang, et al, 2018; Lu et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A meta‐analysis reveals increases in soil organic carbon following the restoration and recovery of croplands in Southwest China

Guo,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Ecological Applications

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In China, the Grain for Green Program (GGP) is an ambitious project to convert croplands into natural vegetation, but exactly how changes in vegetation translate into changes in soil organic carbon remains less clear. Here we conducted a meta‐analysis using 734 observations to explore the effects of land recovery on soil organic carbon and nutrients in four provinces in Southwest China. Following GGP, the soil organic carbon content (SOCc) and soil organic carbon stock (SOCs) increased by 33.73% and 22.39%, respectively, compared with the surrounding croplands. Similarly, soil nitrogen increased, while phosphorus decreased. Outcomes were heterogeneous, but depended on variations in soil and environmental characteristics. Both the regional land use and cover change indicated by the landscape type transfer matrix and net primary production from 2000 to 2020 further confirmed that the GGP promoted the forest area and regional mean net primary production. Our findings suggest that the GGP could enhance soil and vegetation carbon sequestration in Southwest China and help to develop a carbon‐neutral strategy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

A meta‐analysis reveals increases in soil organic carbon following the restoration and recovery of croplands in Southwest China

Guo,

Zhang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Ecological Applications

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“…6c ), and the RRd of CH 4 emissions showed a negative relationship with the RRd of soil bulk density (Fig. 7a ), implying that the lower soil bulk density in the restored grasslands increased CH 4 diffusion from atmosphere into soils and thus increased CH 4 uptake 44 . Grassland restoration by reducing grazing intensity or grazing exclusion increased belowground biomass (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…6a ). The higher SOC concentrations in the restored wetlands could provide more substrates for methanogen growth than in the paired control ecosystems 44 , 56 . Thus, elevating the water table level and increasing the substrate supply for methanogen is likely to result in higher CH 4 fluxes in the restored wetlands (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results indicated that greater attention should be paid to the increased CH 4 emissions from the restored wetlands in global GHG accounting. Previous work showed that CH 4 emissions in the wetlands were mainly controlled by water table level 26 , 38 , nutrient status 44 , plant species 52 , and microbial activity 53 . Unlike the CH 4 emissions in forest and grassland ecosystems which were influenced by soil properties (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the natural logarithm-transformed response ratio ( RR ) is not suitable for meta-analysis in our study. Here, Hedges’ d was used to evaluate the weighted response ratios ( RRd ) as it ranges from −∞ to +∞ 43 , 44 . The Hedges’ d was calculated as follows (Eq.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Meta-analysis shows the impacts of ecological restoration on greenhouse gas emissions

He,

Ding,

Cheng

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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International initiatives set ambitious targets for ecological restoration, which is considered a promising greenhouse gas mitigation strategy. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the impacts of ecological restoration on greenhouse gas emissions using a dataset compiled from 253 articles. Our findings reveal that forest and grassland restoration increase CH4 uptake by 90.0% and 30.8%, respectively, mainly due to changes in soil properties. Conversely, wetland restoration increases CH4 emissions by 544.4%, primarily attributable to elevated water table depth. Forest and grassland restoration have no significant effect on N2O emissions, while wetland restoration reduces N2O emissions by 68.6%. Wetland restoration enhances net CO2 uptake, and the transition from net CO2 sources to net sinks takes approximately 4 years following restoration. The net ecosystem CO2 exchange of the restored forests decreases with restoration age, and the transition from net CO2 sources to net sinks takes about 3-5 years for afforestation and reforestation sites, and 6-13 years for clear-cutting and post-fire sites. Overall, forest, grassland and wetland restoration decrease the global warming potentials by 327.7%, 157.7% and 62.0% compared with their paired control ecosystems, respectively. Our findings suggest that afforestation, reforestation, rewetting drained wetlands, and restoring degraded grasslands through grazing exclusion, reducing grazing intensity, or converting croplands to grasslands can effectively mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.

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Effects of Vegetation Restoration Type on Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Associated Microbial Regulation on the Loess Plateau

Zhou,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Investigating responses of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to vegetation restoration is important for global warming mitigation. On the Loess Plateau, a wide range of vegetation restoration strategies have been implemented to control land degradation. However, the thorough quantification of soil GHG emissions triggered by different modes of vegetation restoration is insufficient. There is still a knowledge gap regarding the regulation of soil biochemical and microbial processing on soil GHG emissions. To do so, we compared responses of soil GHG emissions to various types of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau, and investigated the changes in soil properties as well as microbial composition and activities. We found that artificial plantation of Caragana korshinskii had low soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emission, while natural grassland had high CO2 emission. The possible explanations could be related to higher moisture and microbial biomass carbon, and greater nitrogen limitation in natural grassland, which was controlled by actinomycetes and gram‐negative bacteria. Natural grassland had low soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and high methane (CH4) uptake, whereas Prunus mume had high N2O emission and Medicago sativa had low CH4 uptake, respectively. Soil N2O emission could be driven by fungi and gram‐positive bacteria which were affected by N availability and dissolved organic carbon. Soil CH4 consumption was associated with anaerobic bacteria and gram‐negative bacteria which were affected by N availability and moisture. These different emissions of CO2, N2O and CH4 generated the largest total GHG emissions for plantation of Prunus mume, but the smallest total GHG emissions for natural grassland and plantation of leguminous Caragana korshinskii. Overall, our findings suggested that the restoration of natural grassland and artificial N‐fixing shrubland like Caragana korshinskii should be encouraged to alleviate GHG emissions, with the practical implications for selecting suitable modes and species to improve ecological sustainability in degraded lands.

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Responses of soil greenhouse gas emissions to land use conversion and reversion—A global meta‐analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 84 publications

A meta‐analysis reveals increases in soil organic carbon following the restoration and recovery of croplands in Southwest China

A meta‐analysis reveals increases in soil organic carbon following the restoration and recovery of croplands in Southwest China

Meta-analysis shows the impacts of ecological restoration on greenhouse gas emissions

Effects of Vegetation Restoration Type on Soil Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Associated Microbial Regulation on the Loess Plateau

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