Responsible Human-Robot Interaction with Anthropomorphic Service Robots: State of the Art of an Interdisciplinary Research Challenge

Abstract

Anthropomorphic service robots are on the rise. The more capable they become and the more regular they are applied in real-world settings, the more critical becomes the responsible design of human-robot interaction (HRI) with special attention to human dignity, transparency, privacy, and robot compliance. In this paper we review the interdisciplinary state of the art relevant for the responsible design of HRI. Furthermore, directions for future research on the responsible design of HRI with anthropomorphic service robots are suggested.

Physiological data for affective computing in HRI with anthropomorphic service robots: the AFFECT-HRI data set

“…Nonetheless, the available data sets used to develop those emotion recognition methods and capabilities came from general human-machine interaction research and, thus, are not suited in real settings with robots 3 . In line with this, recent publications claim that the lack of open data hinders further development of affective computing in HRI, utilizing physiological data [3][4][5][6] .…”

“…In summary, the call of previous scientific papers [3][4][5][6] for more published data sets is answered by us, publishing physiological data labeled by human affect as ground truth. We wish this data set will be evaluated comprehensively and contribute significantly to further developments of emotion recognition in HRI.…”

“…Thus, this data set probably offers for the first time the possibility to prove established or develop new emotion recognition methods and technological capabilities for HRI. However, incorporating human affect into an HRI raises not only technical but also ethical, legal, and psychological challenges related to the robot's implemented behavior 6 . Our data set provides the possibility to combine affective computing with research about robot behavior (gestures, speech, and handover), liability (questionnaire), and psychological aspects, allowing an encompassing, human-centered view of HRI.…”