Restoration of Central Programmed Movement Pattern by Temporal Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Training in Patients with Spinal Cerebellar Atrophy

Huang, Ying Zu; Chang, Yao-Shun; Hsu, Mei‐Yu; Wong, May‐Kuen; Chang, Ya‐Ju

doi:10.1155/2015/462182

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Instead, it lets gravity force much-assisting muscle force in producing arm movements. Next we further demonstrate this by characterizing the temporal organisation of agonist/antagonist muscular activation, which is the most basic and widely used descriptor of muscle patterns (Berardelli et al, 1996; Chiovetto et al, 2010; Cooke and Brown, 1994; Corcos et al, 1989; David et al, 2016; Forgaard et al, 2013; Huang et al, 2015; Irlbacher et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A cross-species neural integration of gravity for motor optimisation

Gaveau

Grosprêtre

Angelaki

et al. 2019

Preprint

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15Recent kinematic results, combined with model simulations, have provided support for the 16 hypothesis that the human brain uses an internal model of gravity to shape motor patterns that 17 minimise muscle effort. Because many different muscular activation patterns can give rise to 18 the same trajectory, here we analyse muscular activation patterns during single-degree-of-19 freedom arm movements in various directions, which allow to specifically investigating 20 gravity-related movement properties. Using a well-known decomposition method of tonic and 21 phasic electromyographic activities, we demonstrate that phasic EMGs present systematic 22 negative phases. This negativity demonstrates that gravity effects are harvested to save 23 muscle effort and reveals that the brain implements an optimal motor plan using gravity to 24 accelerate downward and decelerate upward movements. Furthermore, for the first time, we 25 compare experimental findings in humans to monkeys, thereby generalising the Effort-26 optimization strategy across species. 27 the velocity and acceleration of the limb -and the gravity forces -related to the position of 51

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A cross-species neural integration of gravity for motor optimisation

Gaveau

Grosprêtre

Angelaki

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…However, these results need to be confirmed in a large sample of patients and a consensus is missing on the parameters of stimulation that need to be used. Another option which remains to be explored is the use of electrical stimulation to assist the antagonist muscle and modify the relative timing of agonist/antagonist bursts [154].…”

Section: Mario Manto Hiroshi Mitomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Consensus paper: Decoding the Contributions of the Cerebellum as a Time Machine. From Neurons to Clinical Applications

et al. 2018

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Time perception is an essential element of conscious and subconscious experience, coordinating our perception and interaction with the surrounding environment. In recent years, major technological advances in the field of neuroscience have helped foster new insights into the processing of temporal information, including extending our knowledge of the role of the cerebellum as one of the key nodes in the brain for this function. This consensus paper provides a state-of-the-art picture from the experts in the field of the cerebellar research on a variety of crucial issues related to temporal processing, drawing on recent anatomical, neurophysiological, behavioral, and clinical research.The cerebellar granular layer appears especially well-suited for timing operations required to confer millisecond precision for cerebellar computations. This may be most evident in the manner the cerebellum controls the duration of the timing of agonist-antagonist EMG bursts associated with fast goal-directed voluntary movements. In concert with adaptive processes, interactions within the cerebellar cortex are sufficient to support sub-second timing. However, supra-second timing seems to require cortical and basal ganglia networks, perhaps operating in concert with Cerebellum.Additionally, sensory information such as an unexpected stimulus can be forwarded to the cerebellum via the climbing fiber system, providing a temporally constrained mechanism to adjust on-going behavior and modify future processing. Patients with cerebellar disorders exhibit impairments on a range of tasks that require precise timing, and recent evidence suggest that timing problems observed in other neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, may reflect disrupted interactions between the basal ganglia and cerebellum.The complex concepts emerging from this consensus paper should provide a foundation for further discussion, helping identify basic research questions required to understand how the brain represents and utilizes time, as well as delineating ways in which this knowledge can help improve the lives of those with neurological conditions that disrupt this most elemental sense. The panel of experts agrees that timing control in the brain is a complex concept in whom cerebellar circuitry is deeply involved. The concept of a timing machine has now expanded to clinical disorders. The Cerebellum Represents Isolated Temporal Intervals Across Task Domains Assaf Breska and Richard B. IvryIt is widely accepted that the cerebellum contributes, in some manner, to temporal processing, but the functional domain and computational mechanisms remain the subject of considerable debate. An early hypothesis was that the cerebellum served as a centralized, dedicated timing system [6,7].

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“…One of the most basic and widely used descriptor of muscle commands is the tri-phasic burst pattern. Decades of research have consistently shown that, during point-to-point movements, muscle activations follow a tri-phasic temporal organization (Corcos et al, 1989; Cooke and Brown, 1994; Berardelli et al, 1996; Chiovetto et al, 2010; Forgaard et al, 2013; Huang et al, 2015; David et al, 2016). A first agonist burst produces the body-limb acceleration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speed-dependent optimization of gravity effects for motor control

Poirier

Mourey

Sirandre

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Several sensorimotor control studies have provided evidence supporting that the central nervous system optimizes gravity effects to minimize muscle effort. Recently, this hypothesis has been supported by the consistent observation of direction-specific negative epochs in the phasic electromyographic signal of antigravity muscles during vertical arm movements. This suggests that gravity torque is harvested to produce some of the arm motion. However, further investigation is needed to more finely understand how the CNS integrates gravity effects into muscle commands. Here, we aimed to analyze the phasic muscular activity across varying movement speeds during horizontal and vertical arm movements. We quantified the amount of negativity during acceleration and deceleration phases for all movement directions during fast, natural, and slow movements. We found that the negativity was more important during the acceleration phase of downward movements and during the deceleration phase of upward movements, resulting in diminished phasic activity compared to horizontal movements. Concomitantly, we found direction-specific effects of movement speed on phasic EMG activity of gravity muscles. This resulted in altered EMG to kinematics relationships in vertical movements compared to horizontal ones. These results support the Effort-minimization hypothesis and confirm that the negativity of phasic EMG is an important aspect of the motor command. Furthermore, the present results reveal that the CNS finely tunes this feature across a range of movement speeds and directions.

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Restoration of Central Programmed Movement Pattern by Temporal Electrical Stimulation-Assisted Training in Patients with Spinal Cerebellar Atrophy

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

A cross-species neural integration of gravity for motor optimisation

A cross-species neural integration of gravity for motor optimisation

Consensus paper: Decoding the Contributions of the Cerebellum as a Time Machine. From Neurons to Clinical Applications

Speed-dependent optimization of gravity effects for motor control

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