Restoring ecological function to saline–sodic soils in South Dakota with perennial grass mixtures

Clay, Sharon A.; Fiedler, Douglas; Reese, C.; Clay, David E.

doi:10.1002/agj2.21184

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Productive and saline/sodic soils were collected from a northcentral South Dakota field where previous studies investigated the impact of phytoremediation and N fertilizer on N 2 O and CO 2 emissions (D. J. Fiedler et al, 2021), soil health (D. Fiedler et al, 2022), perennial grass establishment and yields over a 4-year period (Clay et al, 2023), and the ability of root-associated microbes to relieve salinity stress in growing plants (Jakubowski, 2021;Neupane et al, 2024).…”

Section: Soil and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhizosphere and soil samples from no-plant control plots were collected from productive and saline/sodic soils during the summer of 2019. These soil samples were stored at −80˚C until use and each treatment was replicated four times (Clay et al, 2023;D. J. Fiedler et al, 2021).…”

Section: Plant and Soil Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These saline/sodic areas typically first occur in toe and foot slope positions and can have electrical conductivity (EC 1:1 ) values exceeding 6 dS m −1 , and sulfate (SO 4 2− ) and sodium (Na + ) concentrations greater than 1500 mg kg −1 . These areas are often waterlogged, barren, have dispersed soil profiles, and have high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially N 2 O-N (Clay et al, 2023;D. J. Fiedler et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternative approaches to provide cover to barren saltaffected soils are needed. Clay et al (2023) reported that an alternative to drainage and chemical amendment application is phytoremediation, although many native plants are not salttolerant enough to establish (Blanchard et al, 2023). Even when selecting salt-tolerant species, plant establishment in these soils is a slow process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even when selecting salt-tolerant species, plant establishment in these soils is a slow process. For example, Clay et al (2023) reported that it required about 4 years to provide cover using mixtures of either slender wheatgrass [Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Gould ex Shinners] and beardless wildrye [Leymus triticoides (Buckley) Pilg. ], or western wheatgrass [Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plants reduced nitrous oxide emissions from a Northern Great Plains saline/sodic soil

Clay,

Nleya,

Clay

et al. 2024

Agronomy Journal

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The slowly establishing salt‐tolerant perennial grasses reduced nitrous oxide (N2O‐N) emissions from saline/sodic soil compared to barren areas. Other salt‐tolerant species may accelerate vegetative establishment and reduce N2O‐N emissions. In a greenhouse study, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), Florida broadleaf mustard (Brassica juncea L.), and Kernza intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey] were grown for 63 days to compare shoot biomass and chemical composition, N2O‐N emissions, and the soil microbiome between saline/sodic and productive (non‐salt impacted) soils. Emissions were measured six times daily from 1 to 22 and 42 to 63 days after planting (DAP). Shoot and soil microbial biomass and communities were quantified 63 DAP. N2O‐N emissions were 87% greater from no‐plant saline/sodic than no‐plant productive soil (p < 0.05). N2O‐N emissions were reduced from planted treatments soon after plant emergence. N2O‐N emissions reductions from saline/sodic soil during the first 22 DAP were 84%, 76%, and 61% for barley, mustard, and Kernza, respectively. Barley had the greatest shoot biomass and impact on the soil microbial community, increasing the fungi to bacteria ratio from 0.063 to 0.094 in the productive soil and from 0.056 to 0.076 in the saline/sodic soil. Plant‐induced changes to the soil microbiome, and decreased soil inorganic N and water, contributed to N2O‐N emission reductions. Archived field samples from grass‐established saline/sodic soil areas had a fourfold increase in nos‐Z gene copy number compared to no‐plant controls, which may, in part, explain decreased N2O‐N emissions. Establishing these vigorous species may aid in restoring multiple ecosystem services to saline/sodic areas.

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