Restoring the 3D vestibulo-ocular reflex via electrical stimulation: The Johns Hopkins multichannel vestibular prosthesis project

Rahman, Mehdi A.; Dai, Chenkai; Fridman, Gene Y.; Davidovics, Natan S.; Chiang, Bryce; Ahn, JoongHo; Hayden, Russell; Melvin, Thuy-Anh N.; Sun, Daniel Q.; Hedjoudje, Abderrahmane; Santina, Charles C. Della

doi:10.1109/iembs.2011.6090857

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The present study is focused on the application of IR stimulation in the rat vestibular system and characterizing the physiological eye movements evoked by direct infrared stimulation of vestibular end organs. The study draws on research by [23-30] to deliver unilateral IR optical stimuli at 1863nm using single optical sources and characterizes eye movements evoked using a video-oculography system. Systematic manipulations of the optical fiber position and IR stimulation parameters were used to evaluate the evoked responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movements Evoked by Pulsed Infrared Radiation of the Rat Vestibular System

Jiang

Rajguru

2018

Ann Biomed Eng

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Light at infrared wavelengths has been demonstrated to modulate the pattern of neural signals transmitted from the angular motion sensing semicircular canals of the vestibular system to the brain. In the present study, we have characterized physiological eye movements evoked by focused, pulsed infrared radiation (IR) stimuli directed at an individual semicircular canal in a mammalian model. Pulsed IR (1863 nm) trains were directed at the posterior semicircular canal in a rat using 200-400 µm optical fibers. Evoked bilateral eye movements were measured using a custom-modified video-oculography system. The activation of vestibulo-ocular motor pathways by frequency modulated pulsed IR directed at single posterior semicircular canals evoked significant, characteristic bilateral eye movements. In this case, the resulting eye movements were disconjugate with ipsilateral eye moving upwards with a rotation towards the stimulated ear and the contralateral eye moving downwards. The eye movements were stable through several hours of repeated stimulation and could be maintained with 30 + minutes of continuous, frequency-modulated IR stimulation. Following the measurements, the distance of the fiber from target structures and orientation of the beam relative to vestibular structures were determined using micro-computed tomography. Results highlight the spatial selectivity of optical stimulation. Our results demonstrate a novel strategy for direct optical stimulation of the vestibular pathway in rodents and lays the groundwork for future applications of optical neural stimulation in inner ear research and therapeutic applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eye Movements Evoked by Pulsed Infrared Radiation of the Rat Vestibular System

Jiang

Rajguru

2018

Ann Biomed Eng

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“…Este grupo de investigación ha probado estos implantes en chinchillas, a las que se les ha provocado una lesión vestibular a través de inyecciones de gentamicina intratimpánica 15 . Al implantar a chinchillas con HVB por gentamicina, lograron restablecer parcialmente el VOR 15,18 y evidenciaron una mejora significativa en la actividad locomotora del animal 19 .…”

Section: Historia De Los Implantes Vestibularesunclassified

Implantes vestibulares

Sánchez

Reyes

2013

Rev. Otorrinolaringol. Cir. Cabeza Cuello

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REsuMEnLa lesión o hipofunción vestibular bilateral (HVB) es un cuadro clínico que provoca oscilopsias y desequilibrio incapacitante que se agrava en oscuridad. Algunas de las causas de HVB son el uso de drogas ototóxicas, enfermedad de Ménière bilateral, enfermedades autoinmunes y degeneración espinocerebelar. El manejo de esta discapacidad es complejo y muchas veces la rehabilitación no logra los objetivos deseados. Una de las alternativas terapéuticas futuras para la HVB y aún en plena fase experimental es el implante vestibular, cuyo funcionamiento en términos generales es similar al de un implante coclear. En esta revisión se analiza la génesis e historia del desarrollo de los implantes vestibulares, sus principales características y el futuro de su implementación.Palabras clave: Lesión vestibular bilateral, enfermedad de Ménière, oscilopsias, desequilibrio, ototóxicos, implante vestibular. ABsTRACTBilateral vestibular loss (BVL) is a clinic syndrome that produces oscillopsias and disabling disequilibrium, especially in darkness. Some causes of BVL are the use of ototoxic drugs, bilateral Ménière disease, autoinmune ear disorders and spinocerebellar ataxia. The management of this disability is complex and many times the rehabilitation does not accomplish with the desired goals. One future therapeutic alternative for BVL and still in an experimental stage is the vestibular implant, whose overall functioning is similar to a cochlear implant. In this review we analyze the genesis and history of vestibular implant development, its main technical characteristics and the future of its implementation.

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“…Preclinical studies in rodents and non-human primates strongly suggest that a multichannel vestibular prosthesis (MVP) could improve quality of life for such patients [5-12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Multichannel Vestibular Prosthesis Prototype by Modification of a Commercially Available Cochlear Implant

Valentin

Hageman

Dai

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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No adequate treatment exists for individuals who remain disabled by bilateral loss of vestibular (inner ear inertial) sensation despite rehabilitation. We have restored vestibular reflexes using lab-built multichannel vestibular prostheses (MVPs) in animals, but translation to clinical practice may be best accomplished by modification of a commercially available cochlear implant (CI). We developed software and circuitry to sense head rotation and drive a CI's implanted stimulator (IS) to deliver up to 1Kpulses/s via 9 electrodes implanted near vestibular nerve branches. Studies in two rhesus monkeys using the modified CI (MCI) revealed in vivo performance similar to our existing dedicated MVPs. Like commercially available CIs, our design uses an external head-worn unit (HWU) that is magnetically coupled across the scalp to the IS. The HWU must remain securely fixed to the skull to faithfully sense head motion with gyroscopes and maintain continuous stimulation. We measured normal and shear force thresholds at which HWU-IS decoupling occurred as a function of scalp thickness and calculated pressure exerted on the scalp. The HWU remained attached across the human scalp thicknesses from 3mm to 7.8mm for forces experienced during routine daily activities, with magnets exerting pressure on the scalp that remains below capillary perfusion pressure.

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Restoring the 3D vestibulo-ocular reflex via electrical stimulation: The Johns Hopkins multichannel vestibular prosthesis project

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Eye Movements Evoked by Pulsed Infrared Radiation of the Rat Vestibular System

Eye Movements Evoked by Pulsed Infrared Radiation of the Rat Vestibular System

Implantes vestibulares

Development of a Multichannel Vestibular Prosthesis Prototype by Modification of a Commercially Available Cochlear Implant

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