Resveratrol biosynthesis, optimization, induction, bio-transformation and bio-degradation in mycoendophytes

Abstract

Resveratrol (3,4,5-trihydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic stilbene compound produced by certain plant species in response to biotic and abiotic factors. Resveratrol has sparked a lot of interest due to its unique structure and approved therapeutic properties for the prevention and treatment of many diseases such as neurological disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammation, cancer, and Alzheimer’s disease. Over the last few decades, many studies have focused on the production of resveratrol from various natural sources and the optimization of large-scale production. Endophytic fungi isolated from various types of grapevines and Polygonum cuspidatum, the primary plant sources of resveratrol, demonstrated intriguing resveratrol-producing ability. Due to the increasing demand for resveratrol, one active area of research is the use of endophytic fungi and metabolic engineering techniques for resveratrol’s large-scale production. The current review addresses an overview of endophytic fungi as a source for production, as well as biosynthesis pathways and relevant genes incorporated in resveratrol biosynthesis. Various approaches for optimizing resveratrol production from endophytic fungi, as well as their bio-transformation and bio-degradation, are explained in detail.

NmrB (AN9181) expression is activated under oxidative stress conditions acting as a metabolic repressor of Aspergillus nidulans

“…Salicylate is degraded via the catechol branch of the 3-oxoadipate pathway in A. nidulans ( Martins et al, 2015 ). The Ascomycota Phomopsis liquidambari degrades resveratrol into 3,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which are subsequently oxidized to 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, respectively ( Abo-Kadoum et al, 2022 ). The latter, is an intermediate of the protocatechuate branch of the 3-oxoadipate pathway used by A. nidulans to degrade benzoate.…”

Effects of Growing Areas, Pruning Wound Protection Products, and Phenological Stage on the Stilbene Composition of Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) Canes

“…Within wood, certain pathogens trigger the synthesis of stilbenes, while others efficiently metabolize them . Additionally, various fungal endophytes isolated from grapevines are capable of producing resveratrol independently, while others can biodegrade it . In our recent work, we observed major differences in the microbial composition of canes between the vines grown in Turin and those cultivated in Lisbon, and the extent to which certain dominant taxa contribute to stilbene abundance will be evaluated in an upcoming study.…”

Resveratrol as a Promising Nutraceutical: Implications in Gut Microbiota Modulation, Inflammatory Disorders, and Colorectal Cancer

“…Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has received much attention lately [ 10 , 22 ]. The 1940s saw the first successful isolation of resveratrol by Takaoka from the roots of the toxic plant Veratrum grandiflorum , a white hellebore lily [ 23 , 24 ]. Resveratrol extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese knotweed), is also used in Chinese medicine for therapeutic purposes.…”