Resveratrol Triggered the Quick Self-Assembly of Gallic Acid into Therapeutic Hydrogels for Healing of Bacterially Infected Wounds

Abstract

Programing self-assembly of naturally bioactive molecules has been a wide topic of great significance for biomedical uses. Despite the fact that plant-derived polyphenols with catechol or pyrogallol moieties have been widely studied to construct nanocomplexes or nanocoatings via self-polymerization, there is no report on the self-assembly of these polyphenols into therapeutic hydrogels for potential applications. Here, we reported that adding a very small amount of resveratrol (Res) into the gallic acid (GA) aqueous solution could trigger the quick self-assembly of GA to form a fibrous hydrogel within 5 min through hydrogen bonds and π−π interactions. The length of GA/Res (GR) fibrils in gels varied from 100 to 1000 microns, with a diameter of around 1 μm. Notably, these GR hydrogels showed excellent colloid stability, providing better slow release and outstanding biocompatibility. Also, in vivo experiments indicated the hydrogels had high antibacterial effects and excellent wound healing capabilities in a total skin defect model via regulating the expression of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) due to the release of therapeutic agents (GA and Res) into the matrix. Overall, our results provide a new strategy to accelerate self-assembly of GA by adding Res to form hydrogels, which is further proved as a promising therapeutic carrier for wound healing.

Mucoadhesive Hydrogel with Anti-gastric Acid and Sustained-Release Functions for Amelioration of DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis

“…After ultrasonic treatment and cooling to room temperature, the mixed solution spontaneously formed the GAS hydrogel. The GA hydrogel was obtained according to our previous reports. ,, …”

“…The GA hydrogel was obtained according to our previous reports. 40,41,46 Characterization of the GAS Hydrogel. The microstructure of the GAS hydrogel was observed using cold field emission scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM, SU8010/PP3010T, Japan).…”

“…The SSZ/Cat-CS hydrogel was demonstrated to significantly boost therapeutic efficacy compared with oral administration of the drug as a result of the enhanced adhesive capability, the improved stability of SSZ in gastric acid, and the prolonged release of SSZ in the gastrointestinal tract. Our recent study reported that gallic acid could form a supramolecular hydrogel via hydrogen bonding and π–π interactions. , However, this GA hydrogel network showed easy degradation and poor adhesion in vivo and might not be suitable as a candidate for the oral treatment of UC. To overcome the harsh gastrointestinal condition and prolong the sustained release of GA in the intestinal tract, in this study, we introduce a natural polysaccharide sodium alginate (SA) into the GA fibril network to form a hybrid hydrogel to improve the bioavailability of the GA hydrogel.…”

Modulating Inflammation-Mediated Diseases via Natural Phenolic Compounds Loaded in Nanocarrier Systems

“…Recent works have established the effectiveness of hydrogel embodiment with gallic acid in wound healing. Topical application of such gallic acid nanovesicle speeds up wound regeneration and demonstrated to downregulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines [ 124 , 125 ]. Caffeic acid conjugated on nanofiber nanovesicle, formed with PCL and CH, ameliorated its delivery on fibroblast neonatal cell line (NHDF-neo) [ 126 ].…”

Emerging Effects of Resveratrol on Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review

“…RSV, a natural plant extract, has been shown to have antimicrobial properties and its antimicrobial activity may be due to disruption of cell membrane potential or blockage of DNA synthesis. In one study, RSV was found to be antibacterial against both bacterial and fungal infections [ 66 ]. However, compared to S. aureus and P. aeruginosa , RSV did not hinder the growth of C. albicans although it also inhibited it better, which means that the inflammatory response is stronger in fungal infections than in bacterial infections.…”