Retaining agricultural nutrients in constructed wetlands—experiences under boreal conditions

Koskiaho, Jari; Ekholm, Petri; Räty, Mari; Riihimäki, Juha; Puustinen, Markku

doi:10.1016/s0925-8574(03)00006-5

Cited by 131 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Several studies have shown that in runoff from agricultural fields in clay and silt dominated areas, the P is transported predominately as particulate P (PP) (Uusitalo et al, 2000;Koskiaho et al, 2003;Uusitalo et al, 2003;Ulén, 2004). In a Finnish study, 73-94% of the P in runoff from an agricultural area was associated with particulate matter (Uusitalo et al, 2003), whereas 69% was PP in a Swedish study (Ulén, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Many studies have shown that constructed wetlands can function as effective sinks for P from both point and non-point sources (Reddy et al, 1999;Richardson, 1999;Kadlec, 2005), and also in cold climate regions with high loads in wintertime (e.g. Koskiaho et al, 2003;Braskerud et al, 2005) . However, results from input/output studies over a couple of years may not reflect the long-term capacity of wetlands to retain phosphorus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Richardson & Qian (1999) suggested that the P concentration in the outflow increases exponentially after a P loading threshold (1 g/m 2 /yr) has been exceeded, though wetlands may serve the function of reducing P transport to downstream water bodies even at higher loads than this. To be able to manage such wetlands for a sustained P retention, it is important to identify the dominant retention processes, whether it is sediment sorption of dissolved P (Bruland & Richardson, 2006), sedimentation of particulate P (Braskerud, 2002;Coveney et al, 2002;Koskiaho et al 2003) or biological P uptake, or a combination of all.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, periods of P release have been observed in several constructed wetlands (e.g. Braskerud, 2002;Koskiaho et al, 2003), and Koskiaho et al (2003) attributed this to the annual development of vegetation with resuspension occurring during seasons with decaying vegetation. Another process that can release P is resuspension of PP during high-flow periods, making particle size an important determining factor since large or aggregated particles will be less prone to resuspension.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency of a constructed wetland for retention of sediment-associated phosphorus

2011

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A constructed wetland (2.1 ha; 2% of catchment area) in southeast Sweden, in a catchment with 35% arable land on clay soils, was investigated with respect to phosphorus (P) retention, focusing on particulate P (PP) and sediment accretion. The aims were to i) estimate P retention and identify the dominating retention processes; ii) investigate how well estimates of P retention based on inflow-outflow measurements compared with the amount of P accumulated in the sediment.In-and outflow of P was measured during four years with continuous flow measurements and flow proportional weekly composite samples. P in the accumulated sediment was estimated based on core samples and analyzed using sequential fractionation. Total P load during four years was 65 kg/ha and intensive sampling events detected 69% as PP. Based on inflow-outflow estimates the mean P retention was 2.8 kg/ha/yr, or 17%, but the amount of P accumulated in the inlet zone equated 78% of the TP load. This discrepancy showed the need to add studies of sediment accumulation to inflow-outflow estimates for an improved understanding of the P retention.The dominating P forms in the sediment were organic P (38%) and P associated with iron or aluminum (39%), i.e. potentially mobile forms. In areas colonized by Typha latifolia, the amount of P in the upper sediment layer (390 kg) was more than double the total P load of 136 kg.Cycling and release in those areas is a potential source of P that deserves further attention.3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficiency of a constructed wetland for retention of sediment-associated phosphorus

2011

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“…However, TAN, nitrate, and TN concentrations were statistically similar between cropland and wetland streams in this study. Although several studies (e.g., Comin et al, 2005;Koskiaho et al, 2003;Moreno et al, 2007) have suggested that wetlands can retain up to 98% of the nitrogen in surface runoff, this capacity was not detectable in the wetland streams used in this study. This is possibly because of the extremely low loading rate of nitrogen (i.e., relatively low concentration and flow) in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effects of conservation wetlands on stream habitat, water quality and fish communities in agricultural watersheds of the lower Mississippi River Basin

Shrestha

Farrelly

Eggleton

et al. 2017

Ecological Engineering

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a b s t r a c tWetland conservation programs (e.g., Wetland Reserve Program and Conservation Reserve Program) have been implemented throughout the Mississippi River Basin to reduce environmental impacts from agricultural activities. However, there is limited information on the overall effectiveness of these programs on improving stream ecological conditions. To address this issue, replicate streams from southeastern Arkansas draining watersheds containing predominately croplands (n = 4, termed "cropland") and created wetlands (n = 4, termed "wetland") were monitored monthly from August 2012 through July 2013. Although repeated-measures analyses of variance (ANOVA) detected many significant time × stream type interactions, several habitat parameters and total habitat scores exhibited a general improvement in wetland streams. Some water quality conditions were better in wetland streams (e.g., lower turbidity, total suspended solids, and nutrient) compared to cropland streams. The time (season) effect was significant (p < 0.05) for 13 of the 14 water quality parameters measured, meaning that water quality varied seasonally. Among the water quality parameters measured, three (water temperature, pH, and turbidity) exhibited significant (p < 0.05) time × stream type interaction, meaning that the stream type effect was not consistent through time (seasons). Fish community sampling collected 6543 specimens from 12 species during the study period; 4410 and 2133 fish specimens were collected from cropland and wetland streams, respectively. Fish community metrics such as species diversity, species evenness, and species richness index were not significantly (p > 0.05) greater in wetland streams. Overall, the conservation wetlands in the Lower Mississippi River Basin appear to have significantly improved stream habitat and moderately improved water quality, though no significant fish community effect was detected.

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Mass Balance Study on Phosphorus Removal in Constructed Wetland Microcosms Treating Polluted River Water

Zhang

et al. 2013

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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A number of studies have showed that the mass removal rates of phosphorus (P) in different constructed wetlands (CWs) varied significantly, and it is essential to quantify the contributions of major P removal processes in order to improve system design. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vegetation, hydraulic retention time (HRT), and water temperature on P removal from polluted river water and to quantify the contributions of different P removal pathways in surface CWs. Results showed that the average total P removal rates ranged between 2.69 and 20.84 mg/(m2 day) in different seasons and were influenced significantly by vegetation, HRT, and water temperature. According to the mass balance approach, plant uptake removed 4.81–22.33% of P input, while media storage contributed 36.16–49.66%. Other P removal processes such as microbiota uptake removed around 0.26–4.13%. Media storage and plant uptake were identified as the main P removal processes in surface CWs treating polluted river water. This illustrated the importance of selecting media and plants in CWs for future practical application.

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Retaining agricultural nutrients in constructed wetlands—experiences under boreal conditions

Cited by 131 publications

References 23 publications

Efficiency of a constructed wetland for retention of sediment-associated phosphorus

Efficiency of a constructed wetland for retention of sediment-associated phosphorus

Effects of conservation wetlands on stream habitat, water quality and fish communities in agricultural watersheds of the lower Mississippi River Basin

Mass Balance Study on Phosphorus Removal in Constructed Wetland Microcosms Treating Polluted River Water

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