Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify general retention protocols practiced by Turkish orthodontist and to compare the results obtained with those of similar studies in Western countries.
Methods:The Web-based survey consisted of 29 questions: 3 to identify the demographic characteristics of the participants and 26 to examine how orthodontists manage the retention phase. Data was interpreted by descriptive statistical methods such as the median test, the Mann-Whitney U-test and logistic regression analysis.
Results:The survey return rate was 73.8%. Pretreatment malocclusion status (87%), oral hygiene status (78%), and presence of third molars (63%) were reported to be the most important factors in determining the type of retainer. Bonded retainers, either alone (29% in maxilla and 34% in mandible) or supplemented with vacuum-formed retainers (27% in maxilla and 32% in mandible) were the most commonly used type of retainer. The preference for lifelong retention varied from 7% to 19%. Female orthodontists scheduled the first appointment after debonding sooner than male orthodontists (p<0.05). Orthodontists working in universities scheduled first appointments later than orthodontists working in private practices (p<0.05).
Conclusion:Turkish orthodontists still give importance to the third molars in their retention protocols, contrary to what is suggested in the current literature, and lifetime retention is rarely preferred as compared to other countries.
Keywords: Orthodontics, retention protocol
INTRODUCTIONOver the years, lots of vital interventions which were not possible earlier have been introduced into the orthodontic realm. These include absolute anchorage and distraction of atrophied alveolar processes. However, retaining the achieved results even after a simple crowding treatment is still a challenge for orthodontists no matter how the fundamental finishing is fulfilled.The literature (1,2) suggests that there is insufficient clinical data on which retention protocols can be based. Although there is an urgent need for high quality randomized controlled trials, the entire recurrence potential of different malocclusions cannot be determined due to ethical reasons. Therefore, attention is redirected towards prevailing approaches, revealed by questionnaires, with the assumption that commonly adopted and deep-seated protocols could be the most beneficial. This being said, widespread approaches use Hawley retainers when the arches are expanded (3-5), and use bonded retainers for non-extraction cases (5-8), alongside an increasing trend towards lifetime retention (5,6,(8)(9)(10)) with bonded and vacuum-formed retainers (VFR), which are gaining popularity among consultants (5-8,10). However, some parameters such as duration of retention (6,8,11), follow-up protocol (9,11), and number of hours a day that removable retainers should be worn (6,8) still vary greatly among clinicians.Hence, the purpose of this first comprehensive survey on retention protocols among Turkish orthodontists was to id...