Rethinking How External Pressure Can Suppress Dendrites in Lithium Metal Batteries

Zhang, Xin; Wang, Q. Jane; Harrison, Katharine L.; Jungjohann, Katherine L.; Boyce, Brad Lee; Roberts, Scott Alan; Attia, Peter M.; Harris, Stephen J.

doi:10.1149/2.0701914jes

Cited by 134 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Yurkiv et al 88,89 studied the influence of the stress and the SEI on Li electrodeposition, and reproduced filament structure of Li observed in experiments. Harris et al 90 studied the effect of external pressure on the dendrite growth in lithium metal batteries. Their results showed that if there is sufficient local stress, Li avoids plating at the tips of growing Li dendrite.…”

Section: Stress Evolution and Fracturementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of phase-field method in rechargeable batteries

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

npj Comput Mater

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Rechargeable batteries have a profound impact on our daily life so that it is urgent to capture the physical and chemical fundamentals affecting the operation and lifetime. The phase-field method is a powerful computational approach to describe and predict the evolution of mesoscale microstructures, which can help to understand the dynamic behavior of the material systems. In this review, we briefly introduce the theoretical framework of the phase-field model and its application in electrochemical systems, summarize the existing phase-field simulations in rechargeable batteries, and provide improvement, development, and problems to be considered of the future phase-field simulation in rechargeable batteries.

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Section: Stress Evolution and Fracturementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of phase-field method in rechargeable batteries

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

npj Comput Mater

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“…Second, it is important to note that Li tends to grow in denser morphology when electrodeposited under pressure, as is also shown in Harrison et al (2017). This denser morphology may be related to a mechanical overpotential associated with pressure at the interface, which provides an energy barrier preventing growth in the direction of the applied compression; instead, this overpotential provides an incentive for Li to grow in the lateral direction perpendicular to the applied compression and may lead to much denser films (Zhang et al, 2019). In the films electrodeposited at 1000 kPa, we hypothesize that the dense Li crystallites and the incentive to grow laterally may cause neighboring crystallites to compress one another and locally confine the film so as to enable a compressive in-plane strain.…”

Section: Origin Of Compressive Strain In LI Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Be-dome holder for texture and strain characterization of Li metal thin films via sin²(ψ) methodology

et al. 2020

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Residual strain in electrodeposited Li films may affect safety and performance in Li metal battery anodes, so it is important to understand how to detect residual strain in electrodeposited Li and the conditions under which it arises. To explore this Li films, electrodeposited onto Cu metal substrates, were prepared under an applied pressure of either 10 or 1000 kPa and subsequently tested for the presence or absence of residual strain via sin2(ψ) analysis. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of Li films required preparation and examination within an inert environment; hence, a Be-dome sample holder was employed during XRD characterization. Results show that the Li film grown under 1000 kPa displayed a detectable presence of in-plane compressive strain (−0.066%), whereas the Li film grown under 10 kPa displayed no detectable in-plane strain. The underlying Cu substrate revealed an in-plane residual strain near zero. Texture analysis via pole figure determination was also performed for both Li and Cu and revealed a mild fiber texture for Li metal and a strong bi-axial texture of the Cu substrate. Experimental details concerning sample preparation, alignment, and analysis of the particularly air-sensitive Li films have also been detailed. This work shows that Li metal exhibits residual strain when electrodeposited under compressive stress and that XRD can be used to quantify that strain.

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“…A further drop in overpotential is seen when the c-LPS at 100 o C under 1.5 MPa external pressure is subjected to an increase in pressure to 7 MPa. High pressure increases the interfacial contact and can decrease the surface roughness of the Li metal as well, improving the performance 52,63 . We For high current operations, we need to operate the cell under high external pressure > 10 MPa which smoothens out the interfacial perturbations to less than 100 nm utilizing a low shear modulus /1 SE Li GG  .…”

Section: Experimental Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Pressure Driven Electrodeposition Stability in Solid-State Batteries

Verma¹,

Kawkami²,

Wada³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Interfacial deposition stability at the lithium metal-solid electrolyte interface in all solid-state batteries (ASSB) is governed by the stress-transport-electrochemistry coupling in conjunction with the polycrystalline/amorphous solid electrolyte architecture. In this work, we delineate the optimal solid electrolyte microstructure comprising of grains, grain boundary and voids possessing desirable ionic conductivity and elastic modulus for superior transport and strength. An analytical formalism is provided to discern the impact of external “stack” pressure induced mechanical stress on electrodeposition stability; stress magnitude obtained are in the megapascal range considerably diminishing the stress-kinetics effects. For experimental stack pressures ranging up to 10 MPa, the impact of stress on reaction kinetics is negligibly small and electrolyte transport overpotentials dictate electrodeposition stability. We detail the deposition stability phase map as a function of solid electrolyte to Li metal shear modulus and molar volume ratios under varying operating conditions including external pressure, surface roughness, applied current density and ambient temperature. High current density operation with stable deposition can be ensured with ample external pressure, high temperature and low surface roughness operation for low shear modulus ratio of the solid electrolyte to Li metal. <br>

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Rethinking How External Pressure Can Suppress Dendrites in Lithium Metal Batteries

Cited by 134 publications

References 95 publications

Application of phase-field method in rechargeable batteries

Application of phase-field method in rechargeable batteries

Use of a Be-dome holder for texture and strain characterization of Li metal thin films via sin²(ψ) methodology

Microstructure and Pressure Driven Electrodeposition Stability in Solid-State Batteries

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Rethinking How External Pressure Can Suppress Dendrites in Lithium Metal Batteries

Cited by 134 publications

References 95 publications

Application of phase-field method in rechargeable batteries

Application of phase-field method in rechargeable batteries

Use of a Be-dome holder for texture and strain characterization of Li metal thin films via sin2(ψ) methodology

Microstructure and Pressure Driven Electrodeposition Stability in Solid-State Batteries

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Use of a Be-dome holder for texture and strain characterization of Li metal thin films via sin²(ψ) methodology