Rethinking organic wastes bioconversion: Evaluating the potential of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) (BSF)

Surendra, K.C.; Tomberlin, Jeffery K.; Huis, A. van; Cammack, Jonathan A.; Heckmann, Lars-Henrik; Khanal, Samir Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2020.07.050

Cited by 258 publications

(218 citation statements)

References 265 publications

(439 reference statements)

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“…Such relatively low CV suggests that the production of BSFL on biopulp can be replicated with high reproducibility. The FCRs obtained during our production were much lower compared to FCRs obtained by other studies [9]. Thus, the FCR obtained during the production of BSFL on municipal household waste was found to be 14.5.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…The utilization of food waste as rearing substrate for BSFL has already demonstrated by other authors [23][24][25][26]. However, most of the studies are either conducted at laboratory scale or during single events and, consequently, could have limitations or be unreliable when implemented at industrial setup [9]. Consequently, the production of BSFL reared on food waste in an industrial relevant setup (pilot scale) and during multiple batches, conducted during the current project, provides additional information for industrial scale applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the most promising insect species for bioconversion of food waste is Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly (BSF)). BSF is a holometabolous Diptera specie, native to Neotropics and currently spread across the temperate and tropical regions [9]. BSF is known to only feed during the larval stage, while the adult serves only reproductive purposes and, therefore, is not considered a pest [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and Optimization of Hermetia illucens (L.) Larvae Reared on Food Waste and Utilized as Feed Ingredient

Gligorescu

Fischer

Larsen³

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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The feed sector requires new sustainable sources of protein, and at the same time better waste management practices are required to decrease and upcycle post-consumers’ food waste (catering and organic household waste), which is currently used for energy production or discharged as waste. The production of Hermetia illucens larvae (L.) (BSFL) was conducted in 15 batches at pilot scale. Furthermore, a feeding strategy experiment was conducted to optimize feedings and decrease handling, followed by a digestibility study for assessing the applicability of BSFL as a feed ingredient. About 190 kg of food waste was used to produce 79 kg of BSFL. The bioconversion of food waste into BSFL was found to be highly efficient, with feed conversion rate (FCR) values ranging between 1.7 and 3.6, when assessed on dry matter. The feeding experiment showed similar BSFL and insect frass production as well as similar FCR, revealing that a decrease in handling can be obtained if two feeding episodes are used. The digestibility of protein and fat was high at 86.2 and 90.4% and revealed that BSFL meal can be successfully used as a protein and fat source in feed for carnivore animals outside the food chain (e.g., pet food).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production and Optimization of Hermetia illucens (L.) Larvae Reared on Food Waste and Utilized as Feed Ingredient

Gligorescu

Fischer

Larsen³

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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“…A saprophytic hydro dae insect, Hermetia illucens (Black soldier y), can feed on poultry manure and domestic garbage [1]. Animals exhibited better growth and digestion performances on substituting Hermetia illucens larvae meal for soybean meal or sh meal in the feed [2]. Triggered by foreign bacteria, Hermetia illucens will activate the immune system and produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composition and nutrient level of the basal diet (as-fed basis) C is the control diet, diets HI4, HI8 contained 4% and 8% Hermetia illucens larvae in an amount providing similar nitrogen to the diet as control diet, respectively2 Provided per kilogram of complete diet: vitamin A, 500,000 IU; vitamin D 500,000 IU; vitamin E, 260 mg;vitamin K 3 , 10 mg; vitamin B 1 , 3 mg; vitamin B 2 , 12.5 mg; vitamin B 6 , 8.3 mg; vitamin B 12 , 0.04 mg; niacin, 45 mg; vitamin C, 250 mg; calcium pantothenate, 9mg; folic acid, 1 mg; biotin, 0.3 mg; Fe (FeSO 4 .H 2 O), 364 mg; Cu (CuSO 4 .5H 2 O), 63mg; I (KI), 1 mg; Se (Na 2 SeO 3 ), 1 mg; Zn (ZnSO 4 .H 2 O), 331 mg; Mg (MgO), 68 mg; Mn (MnSO 4 .H 2 O), 369 mg; Co (CoCl 2 ), 0.3 mg; wheat middling,500 mg; Zeolite powder, 872 mg.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Effect of Hermetia Illucens Larvae on Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets and Diarrhea Caused by Escherichia Coli K88

Jin

Yuan

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background：A high-quality protein substitute, Hermetia illucens (Black soldier fly) larvae powder is rich in protein, fat, amino acid, calcium, and other substances. Due to the relatively few studies on the feeding of weaned piglets, in the present study, we replaced part or all of the fish meal with a relevant proportion of Hermetia illucens larvae powder in the feed to study its effect on weaned piglets. A total of forty-eight young female weaned piglets (Duroc ´ Landrace ´ Large White) with initial body weights (BW) 7.68 ± 0.26 kg, were randomly divided into three groups, each group had eight replicates, two pigs per replicate. Three groups containing different proportions of Hermetia illucens larvae powder (0, 4%, and 8%) were referred to as C, HI4, and HI8. We designed a 28-day feeding experiment, collecting blood and feces, thereafter inducing the piglets with oral gavage of ETEC K88 and recording diarrhea on day 29 of the experiment. Four piglets in each group were selected to collect serum, colon contents, intestinal tissue, and jejunum, ileum, colon mucosa samples.Results：The growth performance of weaned piglets remained unaffected on supplementing feed with Hermetia illucens. Compared with C+K88 group, the diarrhea rate was found to be attenuated for the Hermetia illucens supplemented group. Severe damage was evident in the case of the ileum villi of the C+K88 group, whereas improved integrity was demonstrated by the ileum villi of the HI4+K88 and HI8+K88 groups. Significantly increased expressions of the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 in the intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05) and the tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin-3 (P < 0.05) and reduced expression of the pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α (P < 0.05) were reflected in the HI4+K88 and HI8+K88 groups as compared to the C+K88 group. The activity of antioxidant enzymes CAT and POD (P < 0.05) also revealed an effective increase in the Hermetia illucens supplemented groups than the control. The results of immunoblotting also validated that the same ETEC K88 treatment of weaned piglets enhanced the expression of tight junction protein in the intestinal mucosa of the Hermetia illucens addition group (P < 0.05) and the integrity of the intestinal barrier was also better maintained. The experimental results affirmed that Hermetia illucens larvae powder could partially or completely replace fish meal, increase the content of Lactobacillus, reduce the content of Streptococcus, improve the body’s disease resistance, and improve intestinal health.Conclusions：ETEC-induced diarrhea will be reduced by the diet of weaned piglets containing Hermetia illucens larvae, ameliorating the immune performance of pigs. The present research provides a new perspective for insect meal as a sustainable protein source for pig feed.

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No neonates without adults

2022

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With the potential to process the world's agricultural and food waste, provide sustainable fodder for livestock, aquaculture, and pet animals, as well as act as a source of novel biomolecules, the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens, has been launched into the leading position within the insects as feed industry. Fulfilment of these goals, however, requires mass-rearing facilities to have a steady supply of neonate larvae, which inturn requires an efficient mating process to yield fertile eggs; yet, little is known about adult reproductive behavior, nor what physiological factors lead to its emergence. Moreover, fertile egg production tends to be highly variable in colony. Therefore, this review brings together what is currently known of the organismal biology of H. illucens, compiling information on adult morphology, physiology, biogeography, genomics, and behavioral ecology. As a holistic synthesis, it highlights several directions of interest for research to follow.

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Rethinking organic wastes bioconversion: Evaluating the potential of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens (L.)) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) (BSF)

Cited by 258 publications

References 265 publications

Production and Optimization of Hermetia illucens (L.) Larvae Reared on Food Waste and Utilized as Feed Ingredient

Production and Optimization of Hermetia illucens (L.) Larvae Reared on Food Waste and Utilized as Feed Ingredient

WITHDRAWN: Effect of Hermetia Illucens Larvae on Growth Performance of Weaned Piglets and Diarrhea Caused by Escherichia Coli K88

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