Retinal arteriolar parameters as a surrogate marker of intracranial vascular pathology

Abstract

Introduction: Development of novel diagnostic tools is a top research priority in vascular dementia. A major obstacle is the lack of a simple, non-invasive method to visualize cerebral arteriolar walls in vivo. Retinal arterioles offer a window into the cerebral circulation. Methods: Intensity-based retinal arteriolar visualization in optical coherence tomography (I-bRAVO) was applied to evaluate mean wall thickness (MWT) and wallto-lumen ratio (WLR) in 250 subjects with sporadic and genetic cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), non-vascular neurodegenerative diseases (NVND), and healthy controls (HC) in association with imaging and cognitive markers.Results: MWT and WLR were higher in CSVD, associated with severity of vascular white matter lesions, and correlated with magnetic resonance imaging-based intracranial arteriolosclerosis score. WLR correlated with gray and white matter volume and differentiated asymptomatic sporadic CSVD from HC (area under the curve = 0.82).Discussion: I-bRAVO is a rapid, non-invasive tool. MWT and WLR were associated with imaging markers of CSVD and could contribute to early identification of sporadic CSVD. K E Y W O R D Scerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy, cerebral small vessel disease, retinal vessels, vascular dementia, white matter disease INTRODUCTIONCerebral vascular pathologies are pivotal contributors to neurodegenerative disease, stroke, and ultimately dementia, with tremendous # Fanny M. Elah and Ari J. Green contributed equally to this study.