Retinal Physiology and Circulation: Effect of Diabetes

Wright, William S.; Eshaq, Randa S.; Lee, Minsup; Kaur, Gaganpreet

doi:10.1002/cphy.c190021

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 590 publications

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“…This hypothesis is supported by the observation that total retinal blood flow as measured using laser Doppler velocimetry combined with vessel diameter measurement increases in early DM 35. This results in the shunting of blood through the SCP rather than traversing the intermediate and deep capillary plexus, which was also demonstrated in diabetic rats 36. Consequently, this secondarily decreased flow in DCP microvasculature may fall below the threshold for detection by OCTA, manifesting as reduced DCP VD in mild DR eyes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Ocular microvascular complications in diabetic retinopathy: insights from machine learning

Ahmed,

Shah,

Zhen

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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IntroductionDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of preventable blindness among working-age adults, primarily driven by ocular microvascular complications from chronic hyperglycemia. Comprehending the complex relationship between microvascular changes in the eye and disease progression poses challenges, traditional methods assuming linear or logistical relationships may not adequately capture the intricate interactions between these changes and disease advances. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the microvascular involvement of diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-proliferative DR with the implementation of non-parametric machine learning methods.Research design and methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study that included optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) images collected from a healthy group (196 eyes), a DM no DR group (120 eyes), a mild DR group (71 eyes), and a moderate DR group (66 eyes). We implemented a non-parametric machine learning method for four classification tasks that used parameters extracted from the OCTA images as predictors: DM no DR versus healthy, mild DR versus DM no DR, moderate DR versus mild DR, and any DR versus no DR. SHapley Additive exPlanations values were used to determine the importance of these parameters in the classification.ResultsWe found large choriocapillaris flow deficits were the most important for healthy versus DM no DR, and became less important in eyes with mild or moderate DR. The superficial microvasculature was important for the healthy versus DM no DR and mild DR versus moderate DR tasks, but not for the DM no DR versus mild DR task—the stage when deep microvasculature plays an important role. Foveal avascular zone metric was in general less affected, but its involvement increased with worsening DR.ConclusionsThe findings from this study provide valuable insights into the microvascular involvement of DM and DR, facilitating the development of early detection methods and intervention strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Ocular microvascular complications in diabetic retinopathy: insights from machine learning

Ahmed,

Shah,

Zhen

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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“…The retina's sensitivity to glucose fluctuations contributes to vision-threatening conditions such as diabetic retinopathy (Li et al, 2021). Tight glycemic control, regular eye examinations, and early intervention are crucial in preventing or managing diabetes-related retinal vascular complications ( Wright et al, 2020 ). Tian et al explored the role of lncRNA TUG1 in DR. TUG1 was elevated in DR rat models and high glucose-treated retinal cells.…”

Section: Role Of Tug1 In Diabetes-associated Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes and diabetic associative diseases: An overview of epigenetic regulations of TUG1

Ageeli Hakami

2024

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

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“…Prolonged hyperglycemia leads to endothelial dysfunction, increased vascular resistance, abnormal retinal perfusion, and exacerbation of retinal ischemia and hypoxia ( 119 ). As feedback from local ischemia, excessive ischemic dilatation as well as uneven capillary resistance cause other vessels to undergo overcompensation, resulting in a vicious cycle that promotes the development of DR ( 120 ).…”

Section: Parallelism Between Dn and Dr Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy

Tang,

An,

Sun

et al. 2024

Front. Endocrinol.

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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), as microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, are currently the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and blindness, respectively, in the adult working population, and they are major public health problems with social and economic burdens. The parallelism between the two in the process of occurrence and development manifests in the high overlap of disease-causing risk factors and pathogenesis, high rates of comorbidity, mutually predictive effects, and partial concordance in the clinical use of medications. However, since the two organs, the eye and the kidney, have their unique internal environment and physiological processes, each with specific influencing molecules, and the target organs have non-parallelism due to different pathological changes and responses to various influencing factors, this article provides an overview of the parallelism and non-parallelism between DN and DR to further recognize the commonalities and differences between the two diseases and provide references for early diagnosis, clinical guidance on the use of medication, and the development of new drugs.

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Retinal Physiology and Circulation: Effect of Diabetes

Cited by 32 publications

References 590 publications

Ocular microvascular complications in diabetic retinopathy: insights from machine learning

Ocular microvascular complications in diabetic retinopathy: insights from machine learning

Diabetes and diabetic associative diseases: An overview of epigenetic regulations of TUG1

Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy

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