Retinal thickness in children with anisohypermetropic amblyopia

Nishi, Tomo; Ueda, Takahiro; Hasegawa, Taiji; Miyata, Kimie; Ogata, Nahoko

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-305685

Cited by 21 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Nishi et al suggested that the differences might be due to differences in ethnicity. [16]The thicknesses measured at the absolute foveal centers in our study were thinner than in these two studies. The ages of the subjects in the three studies were very similar, so age could not account for the foveal differences.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Both of them found no amblyopic differences in total central foveal thickness, consistent with the current study. Although Nishiet al[16] and Park et al[18] showed mean central foveal thicknesses of approximately 175μm, their studies showed significantly different thicknesses for the individual layers in the central fovea (the ONL, IS and OS). Nishi et al suggested that the differences might be due to differences in ethnicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nishi et al[16] accessed the thickness of the central fovea in the eyes of children with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia, while Park et al[18] evaluated the thickness of the central and peripheral fovea of eyes with unilateral amblyopia. Both of them found no amblyopic differences in total central foveal thickness, consistent with the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When examining layers within the fovea, Nishi et al[16] reported shorter outer segments in the central fovea of anisohypermetropic amblyopic eyes compared with fellow eyes. However, Park et al found no differences in any retinal layers in central fovea but in peripheral fovea, which agrees with our results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, the literature has shown conflicting results. [15–18] For example, Nishi et al[16] detected that the length of the photoreceptor outer segment (OS) layer in the fovea was significantly thinner in anisohypermetropic amblyopic eyes than in fellow eyes. Al-Haddad et al[17] also noted decreased length of the central foveal cones in amblyopia eyes, as well as a thicker overall fovea.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thickness of retinal layers in the foveas of children with anisometropic amblyopia

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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PurposeTo use highly precise spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) to determine whether there were structural abnormalities in the layers of different regions of the fovea in children with anisometropic amblyopia.MethodsEighteen children (mean age 7.8 years old; range 5–11 years) with unilateral anisometropic amblyopia and 18 age-matched control subjects participated. Foveal thickness was measured with an enhanced depth imaging system, SD-OCT and segmented into layers using custom developed software. The thickness of each layer of the fovea was compared among amblyopic eyes, fellow eyes and control eyes with optical magnification correction for axial length and statistical correction for age and sex.ResultsThe total thickness and each intra-ocular layer of the central fovea were the same for each group. However, the amblyopic eyes were significantly thicker than the normal control eyes in 2 of 4 quadrants of the peripheral retina. Exploring intra-retinal layers in these two quadrants, the nasal nerve fiber layer (NFL) and inferior inner nuclear layer (INL)were significantly thicker in amblyopic eyes than in control eyes (p = 0.01 and 0.012, respectively, by ANCOVA).ConclusionThe SD-OCT data revealed marginal differences in some foveal layers at peripheral locations and indicated that structural differences might exist between individuals with amblyopia and visually normal control subjects. However, the differences were scattered and represented no identifiable pattern. More studies with large samples and precise locations of the retinal layers must be performed to extend the present results.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 64%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thickness of retinal layers in the foveas of children with anisometropic amblyopia

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Association of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics With Detection of Impaired Macular Microvasculature and Decreased Vision in Amblyopic Eyes

Wong

Zhang

et al. 2020

JAMA Ophthalmol

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IMPORTANCE Microvascular abnormalities in amblyopia are becoming evident with high-resolution imaging, such as optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A); however, to our knowledge, the clinical significance and use of these findings are unknown.OBJECTIVE To assess changes in quantitative OCT-A metrics in amblyopic eyes and explore their association with visual acuity in children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis population-based nested case-control study included children aged 6 to 8 years who were consecutively recruited between January 2016 and July 2017 from the population-based Hong Kong Children Eye Study (HKCES) at the Chinese University of Hong Kong Eye Centre. All participants underwent OCT-A with a swept-source OCT and detailed ophthalmic investigations. Macular microvasculature of the superficial capillary plexus was quantified by a customized automated image analysis program. A multivariable linear regression was conducted to evaluate the differences in OCT-A metrics between amblyopic and nonamblyopic eyes after adjustment for all known confounders. Data analysis was conducted from September to November 2018. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESDifferences in OCT-A metric (foveal avascular zone [FAZ]) area, FAZ circularity, vessel density, vessel diameter index, and fractal dimension between amblyopic and nonamblyopic eyes. RESULTS There were 30 participants with amblyopia (mean [SD] age, 7.57 [1.2] years; 16 girls [53.3%]) and 1045 controls (mean [SD] age, 7.65 [1.0] years; 580 girls [55.5%]) in this cohort.Compared with control eyes, amblyopic eyes had decreased FAZ circularity (−0.058; 95% CI, −0.096 to −0.021, P = .002), decreased fractal dimension (−0.014; 95% CI, −0.024 to −0.003; P = .01), and increased vessel diameter index (0.002; 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.003; P < .001). A difference was not identified between FAZ area and vessel density. LogMAR visual acuity was associated with FAZ circularity (sβ, −0.133; P < .001) and vessel diameter index (sβ, 0.097; P = .001) but not with vessel density nor FAZ area. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe results of this population-based study in children supports the presence of macular microvascular abnormalities in amblyopic eyes. Such changes as measured by OCT-A metrics are associated with visual acuity, inferring retinal involvement in the development of amblyopia and suggesting a potential role of quantitative OCT-A metrics in the diagnosis and recognition of amblyopia.

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In vivo optical imaging of amblyopia: Digital subtraction autofluorescence and split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography

et al. 2016

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This is the first report of amblyopia using SSADA-OCT and digital subtraction images of autofluorescence. The mechanistic relationship of a thicker choroid and choroidal capillary atrophy with amblyopia remains to be described. The digital subtraction image confirmed the changes in the microstructure of the amblyopic retina as a supplementary approach to detect the progression of amblyopia. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:660-667, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Retinal thickness in children with anisohypermetropic amblyopia

Abstract: The trial registration number of the internal review board of Nara Medical University was 774.

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Thickness of retinal layers in the foveas of children with anisometropic amblyopia

Thickness of retinal layers in the foveas of children with anisometropic amblyopia

Association of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Metrics With Detection of Impaired Macular Microvasculature and Decreased Vision in Amblyopic Eyes

In vivo optical imaging of amblyopia: Digital subtraction autofluorescence and split-spectrum amplitude-decorrelation angiography

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