RETRACTED ARTICLE: Pentoxifylline Alleviates Early Brain Injury in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Göksu, Erkan; Doğan, Özgür; Ülker, Pınar; Tanrıöver, Gamze; Konuk, Esma; Dilmaç, Sayra; Kıraç, Ebru; Demır, Necdet; Aslan, Mutay

doi:10.1007/s00701-016-2866-5

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Caspase-3, which is the convergence point of the apoptotic signaling pathway, is a common part of various apoptotic signaling pathways. Once caspase-3 was activated, apoptotic pathway was initiated ( 14 , 15 ). Bax can activate some small molecules to enter into cytoplasm, resulting in cell apoptosis ( 16 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampus of rats with diabetes and subarachnoid hemorrhage

Jian-kui

Huang

2017

Exp Ther Med

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The expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampus of rats with diabetes and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were investigated. Diabetes mellitus model was established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. On the basis of diabetes mellitus model, SAH animal model was established by injecting fresh autologous femoral artery blood into cerebellomedullary cisten. Rats were divided into blank control group, diabetes control group and diabetes + SAH group. TUNEL method was used to detect cell apoptosis of hippocampus. Expression levels of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR and western blot analysis at mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Apoptotic cells were not detected in blank control group and diabetes group, and number of apoptotic cells was the highest in the diabetic SAH group. Expression levels of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were significantly higher in diabetes + SAH group than in blank control group and diabetes group. In conclusion, Hippocampal neuron apoptosis was induced by diabetes + SAH and expression levels of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 were also increased. Our study provided experimental basis for further studies of the relationship between SAH and cell apoptosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampus of rats with diabetes and subarachnoid hemorrhage

Jian-kui

Huang

2017

Exp Ther Med

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“…The apoptotic signalling pathway's convergence point, caspase-3, is a component of many different apoptotic signalling routes. The apoptotic cascade was started once caspase-3 was activated [18]. One of the hallmarks of cancer cells is a deficiency in caspase-3 production or activation [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Assessment of Zearalenone in Ovarian Female Rats

sawi

Marie

Ali

et al. 2022

Sohag Journal of Sciences

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Background: Zearalenone (ZEA) is particularly toxic to the reproductive system, resulting in uterine enlargement, alterations to the reproductive tract, decreased fertility, and changes in the levels of ovarian hormones in laboratory animals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicity effect of zearalenone on ovarian biochemical, and histological changes. Methods: Animals were divided into two groups (N= 12); Control and ZEA group: orally intoxicated by a dose of 2.7mg/kg. b.w. The biochemical and histological changes were reported for two groups and statistically analyzed. Results: Estrogenic mycotoxin increases the level of CA-125, Caspase-3 and decreases the level of Progesterone. Histologically there is deformity and degeneration of ovarian follicles and corpus luteal with increased interfollicular fibrosis. Conclusion: ZEA caused toxicological effects including abnormal hormone levels and biomarkers in the female rats.

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“…Finally, PTX was shown to reduce apoptosis and suppress tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha in several studies [21,22]. The only studies regarding PTX's effect on SAH investigated its relation to EBI [23,24]. PTX was found to exhibit neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of pentoxifylline on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

Bahadır

Narin

Başar

et al. 2020

International Journal of Neuroscience

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Objects: Cerebral vasospasm is an important event that occurs following subarachnoid hemorage which has significant mortality and morbidity. The goal in this study was to investigate the effect of pentoxifylline on vasospasm in an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage model. Methods: In this study, 20 male New Zeland White rabbits weighing 3000-3500 g were assigned randomly to four groups. Animals in group 1 served as controls. Animals in group two received only intravenous pentoxifylline injection 3 times in 12 h intervals. In group 3, SAH was induced and no injection was given. Animals in group 4 received intravenous pentoxifylline (6 mg/kg) injections 3 times at 12 th , 24 th and 36 th hours after subarachnoid hemorrhage induction. All animals were sacrificed and basilar arteries were removed at 48th hour. Basilar artery vessel diameters, wall thicknesses and luminal section areas were measured with Spot for Windows version 4.1. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results: Mean basilar artery luminal section areas and luminal diameters in group 4 were significantly higher compared to group 3 (p < 0.05). Basilar artery wall thicknesses and were found to be higher in group 3 than in other groups and this was also statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that intravenous administration of pentoxifylline significantly decreases vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Pentoxifylline Alleviates Early Brain Injury in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampus of rats with diabetes and subarachnoid hemorrhage

Expression of caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 in hippocampus of rats with diabetes and subarachnoid hemorrhage

Toxicity Assessment of Zearalenone in Ovarian Female Rats

The effect of pentoxifylline on cerebral vasospasm following experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage

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