Retrobulbar pigmented peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a dog

Curto, Elizabeth M.; Clode, Alison B.; Durrant, John D.; Montgomery, Keith W.; Gilger, Brian C.

doi:10.1111/vop.12327

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…S100 is an acidic protein that identifies various nervous tissue cells, including Schwann cells, and the majority of canine PNSTs diffusely express this molecule. As in the case presented here, neoplastic cells of different ocular and adnexal structures were also positive for S100 and vimentin in all PNSTs previously reported in the veterinary literature [1,2,6,8,14]. Desmin is a protein of intermediate filaments and its expression is highly specific to muscle cells [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Previous reports have described that all PNSTs arising from the retrobulbar space or the third eyelid of dogs reoccurred after 5 to 7 months, and the patients died or were euthanized due to poor quality of life [1,2,6,8,14]. Similarly, in the patient of the present report recurrence of the tumor was observed 10 months after the removal of 90% of the upper eyelid, the entire third eyelid, and the dorso-medial aspect of the bulbar conjunctiva.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The occurrence of uveal schwannoma, a subset of PNST has been well documented in the veterinary literature [10]. In dogs, however, there are only 4 reports of PNSTs arising from ocular structures other than the iris, one involving the third eyelid [14], three the retrobulbar space [1,2,6] and only one where both of the corneas of the same patient were affected [8]. To the author´s knowledge, PNST has never been observed in the eyelids of dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Upper Eyelid in a Dog

Dower

Ribeiro

Campos

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Schwannomas are benign neurogenic tumours of peripheral nerves. They originate from Schwann cells, which form the neural sheath.Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are most commonly found on the head and neck regions of both dogs and people. Schwannomas are rarely observed in ophthalmic areas. When they occur, ocular Schwannomas are usually located in the orbit, uveal tract and conjunctiva. The occurrence of uveal schwannoma, a subset of PNST has been well documented in the veterinary literature. This is the first report of a palpebral PNST in the dog. The lip-to-lid flap is a feasible technique to reconstruct the upper eyelid following wide surgical removal of a tumor in the dog.Case: A 9-year-old, spayed female mixed-breed dog was referred for evaluation of a large mass involving the right upper eyelid for a duration of approximately one month. The inspection revealed sero-sanguinolent discharge and an oval-shaped mass occupying more than 70% of the right upper eyelid. The dog was alert and the ophthalmic and general physical examination did not revealed abnormalities. Ocular ultrasonography did not show significant findings. A fine-needle aspirate of the palpebral tumor was not elucidative, even so, a presumptive diagnosis of eyelid neoplasia was considered most likely. Excision of the entire mass with a 2 cm margin was performed. The third eyelid and dorso-medial bulbar conjunctiva were also removed. Upper eyelid reconstruction was performed based on a similar technique previously described in cats (lip-to-lid flap). As a result, neoplastic spindle cells exhibited immunoreactivity for S100 and intense cytoplasmic staining for vimentin, supporting the diagnosis of schwannoma. Fifteen days later, the margins of the subdermal pattern flap were healed and skin sutures were removed. On the last follow-up, 9 months post-surgery, the dog was visual, and the flap was well incorporated and covered the ocular surface. Ten months later, another large mass arising from the right inferior palpebral conjunctiva was observed. Once ultrasound revealed orbital invasion exenteration combined with orbitectomy were performed, and the defect was covered with an auricular axial pattern flap. Although the second tumor had the same histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the first mass additional staining for Ki67 was used to investigate the biological behavior of both masses.Discussion: Reported eyelid neoplasms in dogs include adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the meibomian glands, melanomas, fibroma, fibrosarcoma, histiocytoma, mastocytoma, lipomas, papillomas, and squamous cell carcinomas. To the author´s knowledge, however, this is the first case description of a PNST affecting the eyelid in a dog. The histologic distinction between PNSTs and other spindle cell tumors, including myxosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, hemangiopericytoma, and melanoma can be challenging and requires immunohistochemical stainin. S100 is an acidic protein that identifies various nervous tissue cells, including Schwann cells, and the majority of canine PNSTs diffusely express this molecule. As in the case presented here, neoplastic cells of different ocular and adnexal structures were also positive for S100 and vimentin in all PNSTs previously reported in the veterinary literature. This is the first report of PNST affecting the eyelid in a dog. The lip-to-lid flap is a feasible technique to reconstruct the upper eyelid following wide surgical removal of a tumor in dogs. However, the authors suggest radical surgery combining orbitectomy, exenteration and a miocutaneous flap if PNST is diagnosed in the eyelids of dogs. They also caution once recurrence is possible and can be more aggressive.Keywords: lip-to-lid transposition, S100, vimentin, desmin, Ki67, dog.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Upper Eyelid in a Dog

Dower

Ribeiro

Campos

et al. 2021

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…Peripheral nerve sheath tumors are most commonly found on the head and neck regions of both dogs and people . While less common, schwannomas, a subset of peripheral nerve sheath tumors arising from Schwann cells, have been found in the iris, ciliary body, and choroid in people .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uveal schwannoma in a brown‐eyed dog

Marlo

Giuliano

Moore

et al. 2017

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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An eleven-year-old, female spayed Boxer dog was diagnosed with a uveal schwannoma (formerly known as the spindle cell tumor of the blue-eyed dog or SCTBED) despite having a uniformly brown iris. The patient presented to emergency for ocular discomfort, and the right globe was subsequently enucleated due to glaucoma and submitted for histopathology. Upon histopathologic evaluation, a uveal schwannoma was diagnosed and confirmed with immunohistochemical staining. Complete metastatic evaluation 1 and 6 months after initial presentation did not reveal evidence of metastasis, and the dog remains systemically healthy. This case represents a unique variant of uveal schwannoma and is relevant because although the vast majority of these tumors occur in blue-eyed dogs, clinicians should not completely rule out this tumor as a differential based on the iris color.

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PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMOR ( PNST )

2022

Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Ophthalmic Disease

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Retrobulbar pigmented peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a dog

Cited by 6 publications

References 50 publications

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Upper Eyelid in a Dog

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor in the Upper Eyelid in a Dog

Uveal schwannoma in a brown‐eyed dog

PERIPHERAL NERVE SHEATH TUMOR ( PNST )

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