Retrograde Amnesia for Old (Reactivated) Memory: Some Anomalous Characteristics

Mactutus, Charles F.; Riccio, David C.; Ferek, Jacquelyn M.

doi:10.1126/science.572083

Cited by 178 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several groups have observed recovery of memory following post-retrieval retention performance impairment within hours, days, or weeks (Mactutus et al 1979;Vianna et al 2001;Anokhin et al 2002;Bahar et al 2004;Lattal and Abel 2004;Power et al 2006), suggesting that the retention performance impairment induced by post-retrieval treatment may be temporary. This is consistent with the interpretation that such treatments may temporally disrupt memory retrieval (Riccio et al 2002;Arshavsky 2003;Lattal and Abel 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-retrieval effects of icv infusions of hemicholinium in mice are dependent on the age of the original memory

Boccia¹,

Blake²,

Acosta³

et al. 2006

Learn. Mem.

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CF-1 male mice were trained in an inhibitory avoidance task using a high footshock (1,2 mA, 50 Hz, 1 sec) in order to reduce the influence of extinction on retention performance. At 2, 7, 14, or 30 d after training, the first retention test was performed and hemicholinium (HC-3, 1.0 µg/mice), a specific inhibitor of high-affinity choline uptake in brain cholinergic neurons, was given intracerebroventricularly immediately after. Twenty four hours after treatment, mice were tested in an inhibitory avoidance task during five consecutive days, each 24 h apart. Retention performance was impaired by HC-3 when the first re-exposure took place at 2, 7, or 14 d, but the effect was no longer seen when re-exposure occurred 30 d after training. We did not find spontaneous recovery 21 d after training, when memory was retrieved 2 d after training and HC-3 was given immediately after. Although we cannot definitively discard a retrieval deficit, this lack of spontaneous recovery is in accordance with the storage-deficit interpretation. These results confirm and extend previous ones, suggesting that central cholinergic mechanisms are involved in the hypothetical reconsolidation memory processes of an inhibitory avoidance task in mice and also suggest that this participation depends on the "age" of the original memory trace. This implies that the vulnerability of a reactivated memory to a specific treatment, as the one used in this study, inversely correlates with the age of the original memory, and it is likely to determine memory reconsolidation processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-retrieval effects of icv infusions of hemicholinium in mice are dependent on the age of the original memory

Boccia¹,

Blake²,

Acosta³

et al. 2006

Learn. Mem.

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show abstract

“…Rats were not able to cross between compartments, as the guillotine door was closed at all times. The parameters chosen for memory reactivation (15 sec) and extinction (12 min) were similar to those of previous studies (Hinderliter and Riccio 1977;Mactutus et al 1979;Morgan and Riccio 1994;Harrod et al 1996;Briggs and Riccio 2007). Two fear control groups did not receive extinction, but were merely tested to evaluate the level of fear without any reexposure treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A challenge to the consolidation view comes from findings that memories previously stored or consolidated could once again become labile and susceptible to disruption following reactivation (Misanin et al 1968;Mactutus et al 1979;Nader et al 2000; for review, see Riccio et al 2006). It is hypothesized that when a previously formed memory is reactivated by a reminder cue it goes through a reconsolidation process, which puts the memory in a labile state before again becoming consolidated.…”

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confidence: 99%

Reexposure to the amnestic agent alleviates cycloheximide-induced retrograde amnesia for reactivated and extinction memories

Briggs

Olson

2013

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We investigated whether reexposure to an amnestic agent would reverse amnesia for extinction of learned fear similar to that of a reactivated memory. When cycloheximide (CHX) was administered immediately after a brief cue-induced memory reactivation (15 sec) and an extended extinction session (12 min) rats showed retrograde amnesia for both memories. CHX did not produce amnesia for a moderate extinction session (6 min). Re-administering CHX before testing reversed the amnestic effect for both memories (i.e., the memories were recovered). These results are discussed using a modified state dependent model of retrograde amnesia.

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“…Numerous control procedures assured that the specific cues associated with the original learning were essential to the effect and not merely a reinstatement of an emotional or motivational state, as had been suggested by other investigators Robbins and Meyer 1970). Hypothermia-induced amnesia for a well-trained task was obtained after exposure of the rat to either the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) (foot shock) or the context and UCS, immediately before the amnestic treatment (Mactutus et al 1979;Richardson et al 1982). These researchers even found that reactivated memories were more susceptible to the hypothermic treatment than newly acquired memories, in that less cooling was required to obtain amnesia after reactivation.…”

Section: Reactivation and Experimental Amnesiamentioning

confidence: 99%