Retromode imaging in retinal diseases: A systematic review of the literature

Sukkarieh, Georges; Issa, Mohamad; Bruneau, S.; Couturier, Aude; Tadayoni, Ramin

doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2023.07.004

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 41 publications

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“…Scanning laser ophthalmoscopes (SLOs) typically record images through the direct mode, capturing light retroreflected from chorioretinal structures. However, in the retromode (indirect mode), SLOs use light or infrared radiation that transilluminates chorioretinal structures after passing through deeper choroidal and scleral layers [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retro-Mode in NIDEK Mirante: A Comparative Analysis with Other Imaging Modalities for AMD and CSR

Wylęgała,

Wozniak,

Sędziak-Marcinek

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Background: Retro-mode is a novel technique capable of creating pseudo-3D images of the retina. However, its clinical utility remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the Nidek Mirante multimodal imaging platform for ocular assessment in patients with various retinal conditions. Methods: A total of 115 participants with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) were included. Two experienced graders independently evaluated the images, and statistical analysis was performed to assess interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between graders and modalities; Results: For CSR detection, retro-mode demonstrated exceptionally high ICC rates (ICC = 1; 100%), while color and autofluorescence (FAF) showed moderate coefficients (0.69 and 0.78, respectively). The detection of pigment epithelial detachment was high across all methods, with only retro-mode deviated right (DR) allowing detection in 69% of cases, while retro-mode DR and deviated left (DL) achieved 100% detection. FAF-green achieved a 95% detection rate. In detecting retinal atrophy, most modalities demonstrated high detection rates, with the lowest detection rates offered by retro-mode DL (ICC = 0.85) and DR (ICC = 0.89), while retro-mode ring aperture offered 0.97. Infra-red and fluorescein angiography imaging offered the highest detection rates among the tested modalities, with 97% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Retro-mode showed promise for comprehensive ocular evaluation and diagnosis, with certain imaging modalities demonstrating higher accuracy in detecting specific retinal features.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retro-Mode in NIDEK Mirante: A Comparative Analysis with Other Imaging Modalities for AMD and CSR

Wylęgała,

Wozniak,

Sędziak-Marcinek

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Retro Mode Imaging for Detection and Quantification of Sub-RPE Drusen and Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Saßmannshausen,

Sautbaeva,

von der Emde

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: Drusen and drusenoid deposits are a hallmark of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Nowadays, a multimodal retinal imaging approach enables the detection of these deposits. However, quantitative data on subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs) are still missing. Here, we compare the capability of en-face drusen and SDD area detection in eyes with non-exudative AMD using conventional imaging modalities versus Retro mode imaging. We also quantitatively assess the topographic distribution of drusen and SDDs. Methods: In total, 120 eyes of 90 subjects (mean age ± standard deviation = 74.6 ± 8.6 years) were included. Coherent en-face drusen and SDD areas were measured via near-infrared reflectance, green (G-) and blue (B-) fundus autofluorescence (AF), and Retro mode imaging. Drusen phenotypes were classified by correlating en-face drusen areas using structural high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The topographic distribution of drusen was analyzed according to a modified ETDRS (Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study) grid. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis was applied to determine the inter-reader agreement in the SDD en-face area assessment. Results: The largest coherent en-face drusen area was found using Retro mode imaging with a mean area of 105.2 ± 45.9 mm2 (deviated left mode (DL)) and 105.4 ± 45.5 mm2 (deviated right mode (DR)). The smallest en-face drusen areas were determined by GAF (50.9 ± 42.6 mm2) and BAF imaging (49.1 ± 42.9 mm2) (p < 0.001). The inter-reader agreement for SDD en-face areas ranged from 0.93 (DR) to 0.70 (BAF). The topographic analysis revealed the highest number of SDDs in the superior peripheral retina, whereas sub-retinal pigment epithelium drusen were mostly found in the perifoveal retina. Retro mode imaging further enabled the detection of the earliest SDD stages. Conclusions: Retro mode imaging allows for a detailed detection of drusen phenotypes. While hundreds/thousands of SDDs can be present in one eye, the impact of SDD number or volume on AMD progression still needs to be evaluated. However, this new imaging modality can add important knowledge on drusen development and the pathophysiology of AMD.

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Retro mode imaging signatures in choroidal nevus: A case series

Sen,

Saurabh,

Datta

2024

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology - Case Reports

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To report the retro mode (RM) imaging signatures of choroidal nevus. This was a consecutive case series of individuals with choroidal nevus, a benign choroidal tumor. Fundus photography and RM imaging were performed using the Mirante system ((Nidek Co. Ltd, Gamagori, Japan). Four eyes of four patients were included. Choroidal nevus was observed as hyporetroreflective in all four patients. RM image was able to distinctly delineate the margins of the nevus. Overlying drusen was variably imaged with RM, appearing as isoretroreflective in one eye and not visualized in another. RM imaging was able to depict choroidal nevus as a dark lesion with well-delineated margins. It may have a role in the documentation and follow-up of eyes with choroidal nevus.

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Retromode imaging in retinal diseases: A systematic review of the literature

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Retro-Mode in NIDEK Mirante: A Comparative Analysis with Other Imaging Modalities for AMD and CSR

Retro-Mode in NIDEK Mirante: A Comparative Analysis with Other Imaging Modalities for AMD and CSR

Retro Mode Imaging for Detection and Quantification of Sub-RPE Drusen and Subretinal Drusenoid Deposits in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Retro mode imaging signatures in choroidal nevus: A case series

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