Retromode Imaging Modality of Epiretinal Membranes

Abstract

(1) Purpose: To determine the characteristics of macular epiretinal membranes (ERM) using non-invasive retromode imaging (RMI) and to compare retromode images with those acquired via fundus autofluorescence (FAF) and fundus photography. (2) Methods: Prospective observational case-series study including patients with macular ERM with no other ocular disease affecting their morphology and/or imaging quality. We compared RMI, FAF and fundus photography features by cropping and overlapping images to obtain topographic correspondence. (3) Results: In total, 21 eyes (21 patients) affected by ERM were included in this study. The mean area of retinal folds detected by RMI was significantly higher than that detected by FAF (11.85 ± 3.92 mm2 and 5.67 ± 2.15 mm2 , respectively, p < 0.05) and similar to that revealed by fundus photography (11.85 ± 3.92 mm2 and 10.58 ± 3.45 mm2 , respectively, p = 0.277). (4) Conclusions: RMI appears to be a useful tool in the evaluation of ERMs. It allows for an accurate visualization of the real extension of the retinal folds and provides a precise structural assessment of the macula before surgery. Clinicians should be aware of RMI’s advantages and should be able to use them to warrant a wide range of information and, thus, a more personalized therapeutic approach.

Central Serous Chorioretinopathy by Autofluorescence, Enface and SLO–Retromode Imaging

“…To integrate the information supplied by conventional techniques, retromode imaging has been introduced in several retinal diseases, such as full-thickness macular holes, epi-retinal membranes, and macular edema due to polypoid choroidal vasculopathy, myopic retinoschisis, and subretinal drusenoid deposits, to provide topographic information on RPE alterations [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

The Role of the Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography for Vitreoretinal Surgery in a Real-Life Setting

“…Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging modality based on low-coherence interferometry that provides an in vivo cross-sectional view of biological tissues due to their property of reflecting and backscattering light [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Nowadays, it is used in several specialties such as ophthalmology, cardiology, otology, and dermatology [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Editorial: Imaging in Ophthalmology

“…The evaluation and management of vitreoretinal interface diseases have particularly benefited from these imaging techniques, which allow for detailed structural analysis of the retinal tissues and the identification of multiple anatomical findings for classification [43,44], differential diagnosis [45][46][47], surgical planning [48][49][50], prognosis [45,49,51], and long-term monitoring [50,52]. It has been recently suggested that retromode imaging modalities, which rely on confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopic technology, may be a promising additional tool for the assessment of ERMs [53].…”