Reversal of endothelial dysfunction in aorta of streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type-2 diabetic rats by S-Allylcysteine

Abstract

Dietary measures and plant-based therapies as prescribed by native systems of medicine have gained attraction among diabetics with claims of efficacy. The present study investigated the effects of S-Allylcysteine (SAC) on body weight gain, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and nitric oxide synthase in plasma and argininosuccinate synthase (AS) and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL), lipid peroxides and antioxidant enzymes in aorta of control and streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA)-induced diabetic rats. Changes in body weight, glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, and antioxidant profiles of aorta and mRNA expressions of nitric oxide synthase, AS, and ASL were observed in experimental rats. SAC (150 mg/kg b.w) showed its therapeutic effects similar to gliclazide in decreasing glucose, insulin resistance, lipid peroxidation, and increasing body weight; insulin, antioxidant enzymes, and mRNA levels of nitric oxide synthase, argininosuccinate synthase, and argininosuccinate lyase genes in STZ-NA rats. Histopathologic studies also revealed the protective nature of SAC on aorta. In conclusion, garlic and its constituents mediate the anti-diabetic potential through mitigating hyperglycemic status, changing insulin resistance by alleviating endothelial dysregulation in both plasma and tissues.

WITHDRAWN: Nicotinamide Attenuates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Complications and Increases Survival Rate in Rats: Role of Autonomic Nervous System.

“…On the day of diabetes induction, all rats underwent a 6-hour fasting. CN and DN rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg of nicotinamide (Sigma-Aldrich) 15 min before diabetes induction [17,18]. D and DN rats were made diabetic by a single injection of freshly prepared STZ (50 mg/kg body weight) in citrate buffer (0.1 M, pH 4.5) in the tail vein [19].…”

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CII: Pharmacological Modulation of H2S Levels: H2S Donors and H2S Biosynthesis Inhibitors

“…However, in other studies, SAC (as opposed to DATS) did not exhibit significant inhibitory effects on inflammatory mediator production in LPS-stimulated microglial cells in vitro (Ho and Su, 2014). Although SAC clearly has beneficial effects in many models of disease (ranging from diabetic complications to hypertension) (Park et al, 2014;Denzer et al, 2016;Imai et al, 2016;Uzun et al, 2016;Brahmanaidu et al, 2017;Kattaia et al, 2017), it is likely that its pharmacological effects encompass multiple additional actions beyond H 2 S donation.…”

Phenolic fraction extracted from Kedrostis foetidissima leaves ameliorated isoproterenol‐induced cardiotoxicity in rats through restoration of cardiac antioxidant status

“…Around 80% of the world's population use plant‐based drugs for treatment and prevention of disease. Several studies have reported the cardio‐protective activity of medicinal plants because of their antioxidant potentials (Brahmanaidu et al., 2017; Saravanan, Ponmurugan, Sathiyavathi, Vadivukkarasi, & Sengottuvelu, 2013). Epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies have shown that increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduction in generation of free radicals are highly instrumental in prevention of MI (Sakthivel, Palani, Santhosh, Devi, & Kumar, 2010).…”