Reversed phase LC/MS/MS method for targeted quantification of glycerophospholipid molecular species in plasma

Uhl, Olaf; Glaser, Claudia; Demmelmair, Hans; Koletzko, Berthold

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.09.043

Cited by 25 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Methodological progress in the field of metabolomics and lipidomics using liquid chromatography coupled with triple mass spectrometry now allows to determine detailed profiles of molecular species of complex lipids in milk as well as in extremely small sample volumes of infant serum or plasma (e.g. 10 μL) with high quantitative precision [71][72][73][74] . Such lipidomic measurements can serve to provide markers for tissue composition [75] and were shown to be associated with important clinical endpoints in children and adults [76][77][78] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Milk Lipids

2016

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Human milk lipids provide the infant with energy and essential vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and bioactive components. Adding complex lipids and milk fat globule membranes to vegetable oil-based infant formula has the potential to enhance infant development and reduce infections. Cholesterol provision with breastfeeding modulates infant sterol metabolism and may induce long-term benefits. Some 98-99% of milk lipids are comprised by triacylglycerols, whose properties depend on incorporated fatty acids. Attention has been devoted to the roles of the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids docosahexaenoic (DHA) and arachidonic (ARA) acids. Recent studies on gene-diet interaction (Mendelian randomization) show that breastfeeding providing DHA and ARA improves cognitive development and reduces asthma risk at school age particularly in those children with a genetically determined lower activity of DHA and ARA synthesis. It appears prudent to follow the biological model of human milk in the design of infant formula as far as feasible, unless conclusive evidence for the suitability and safety of other choices is available. The recent European Union legislative stipulation of a high formula DHA content without required ARA deviates from this concept, and such a novel formula composition has not been adequately evaluated. Great future opportunities arise with significant methodological progress for example in lipidomic analyses and their bioinformatic evaluation, which should enhance understanding of the biology of human milk lipids. Such knowledge might lead to improved dietary advice to lactating mothers as well as to further opportunities to enhance infant formula composition.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Milk Lipids

2016

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“…We found remarkable high concentrations of LPC(20:4) and PC(36:4) in newborn. PC(36:4) is composed to the main extend of PC(16:0/20:4) [14], which represents the phospholipid species with the highest content of AA. AA is known to be preferably transported through the placenta, but the process of transport is not jet completely understood [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospholipid Species in Newborn and 4 Month Old Infants after Consumption of Different Formulas or Breast Milk

et al. 2016

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IntroductionArachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are important long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids for neuronal and cognitive development and are ingredients of infant formulae that are recommended but there is no evidence based minimal supplementation level available. The aim of this analysis was to investigate the effect of supplemented AA and DHA on phospholipid metabolism.MethodsPlasma samples of a randomized, double-blind infant feeding trial were used for the analyses of phospholipid species by flow-injection mass spectrometry. Healthy term infants consumed isoenergetic formulae (intervention formula with equal amounts of AA and DHA—IF, control formula without additional AA and DHA—CF) from the first month of life until the age of 120 days. A group of breast milk (BM) -fed infants was followed as a reference.ResultsThe plasma profile detected in newborns was different from 4 month old infants, irrespective of study group. Most relevant changes were seen in higher level of LPC16:1, LPC20:4, PC32:1, PC34:1 and PC36:4 and lower level of LPC18:0, LPC18:2, PC32:2, PC36:2 and several ether-linked phosphatidylcholines in newborns. The sum of all AA and DHA species at 4 month old infants in the CF group showed level of 40% (AA) and 51% (DHA) of newborns. The supplemented amount of DHA resulted in phospholipid level comparable to BM infants, but AA phospholipids were lower than in BM infants. Interestingly, relative contribution of DHA was higher in ether-linked phosphatidylcholines in CF fed infants, but IF and BM fed infants showed higher overall ether-linked phosphatidylcholines levels.ConclusionIn conclusion, we have shown that infant plasma phospholipid profile changes remarkably from newborn over time and is dependent on the dietary fatty acid composition. A supplementation of an infant formula with AA and DHA resulted in increased related phospholipid species.

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“…Lipids, another class of metabolites associated with obesity in some publications, can be determined as a molecular species or through the FA composition of single lipid classes such as glycerophopholipids [30,31] , NEFA [32] , and acylglycerols [33] , as well as that of all lipid classes (total FA; tFA) [34] . Thus, comparison of the results of different reports is challenging.…”

Section: Lipidsmentioning

confidence: 99%