Reversibility of forest conversion impacts on water budgets in tropical karst terrain

Chandler, D. G.

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2005.12.010

Cited by 56 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…According to the partial correlation analysis, the relationship between forest coverage and Q 7 showed a positive trend, indicating that the forest contributed to an increase in the minimum streamflow, as also evidenced in other watersheds (Chandler, 2006;Locatelli and Vignola, 2009;Ogden et al, 2013;Smethurst et al, 2015). In forested watersheds, subsurface hydrologic processes (infiltration and water storage in the soil profile) are favored by feeding the base stream (Bruijnzeel, 2004)).…”

Section: Mendes Ngs Et Almentioning

confidence: 74%

Forest Coverage and Streamflow of Watersheds in the Tropical Atlantic Rainforest

2018

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-The present study analyzed the average and minimum streamflow behavior of 11 watersheds located in the Atlantic Forest Biome, relating them to the changes in forest cover. The average minimum flow with seven days of duration (Q 7 ), the average annual flow (Q ave ), the total annual precipitation (P a ) and the percentage of forest cover (FC) for each watershed were determined. The joint correlation between the FC and the P a with the flow for each watershed were analyzed by adjusting multiple linear regression equations. The partial correlation coefficient was also used to analyze whether the variation in the FC influenced the water flow when the effects of P a are fixed. This study allowed us to identify significant associations between FC and P a with Q 7 or Q ave in only two of the watersheds. Disregarding the effects of P a , the increase in the FC tended to result in a reduction in the Q ave , and in turn increased the Q 7 in these two watersheds.Keywords: Water availability, Watershed management, Forest hydrology. COBERTURA FLORESTAL E VAZÕES DE BACIAS HIDROGRAFICAS DAMATA ATLÂNTICA RESUMO -O presente trabalho analisou o comportamento das vazões médias e mínimas de cursos d'água de 11 bacias hidrográficas localizadas no Bioma Mata Atlântica, relacionando-as às mudanças ocorridas na cobertura florestal. Determinaram-se, para cada bacia, a vazão mínima média com sete dias de duração (Q 7 ), a vazão média anual (Q ave ), a precipitação total anual (Pa) e o percentual de cobertura florestal (FC). Para cada bacia, a correlação conjunta da FC e Pa com as vazões foi analisada por meio do ajuste de equações de regressão linear múltipla. Também foi utilizado o coeficiente de correlação parcial para analisar se a variação do FC exerceu influência nas vazões, quando os efeitos da Pa são fixados. O estudo permitiu a identificação de associações significativas entre FC e Pa com Q 7 ou Q ave em apenas duas bacias. Descontados os efeitos da Pa, o incremento da FC tendeu a provocar redução da Q ave , tendo como contrapartida o aumento da Q 7 nestas duas bacias.

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Section: Mendes Ngs Et Almentioning

confidence: 74%

Forest Coverage and Streamflow of Watersheds in the Tropical Atlantic Rainforest

2018

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“…Because these watersheds are located in the headwaters, some of the rainfall that infiltrates in the headwaters, either topographically drains toward the outlet becoming deep percolation (i.e., bed rock storage, Chandler, 2006) or appears as springs beyond the gage bypassing measurement and as base flow at the gage after the rainy monsoon phase ends.…”

Section: Hydrological Similarity Of Watershedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving efficacy of landscape interventions in the (sub) humid Ethiopian highlands by improved understanding of runoff processes

et al. 2015

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Despite millions of dollars invested in soil and water conservation (SWC) practices in the (sub) humid Ethiopian highlands and billions of hours of food-for-work farm labor, sediment concentration in rivers is increasing. This paper reports on the research to reverse the current trend. Based on the understanding of the hydrology of highlands, we provide evidence on sources of surface runoff and sediment and on mechanisms that govern the erosion processes and approaches and how they affect SWC practices. We suggest that priority in landscape interventions should be given to re-vegetation of the degraded areas so as to reduce the sediment concentration contributions originating from these areas. Additionally, efforts should be directed to gully rehabilitation in the saturated bottom landscape that may consist of vegetating shallow gullies and stabilizing head cuts of deeper gullies. Finally, rehabilitation efforts should be directed to increase the rain water infiltration in the upland areas through the hardpan layer by connecting the land surface to the original deep flow paths that exist below about 60 cm. It will reduce the direct runoff during the rainy season and increase baseflow during the dry season.

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“…However, although direct experimental evidence of the "infiltration trade-off hypothesis" (Bruijnzeel, 1989;Bonell et al, 2010) is missing due to a lack of comprehensive studies, demonstrated reductions in amounts of headwater-or hillslope stormflow production after reforesting severely degraded land in various parts of the tropics (e.g. Chandler and Walter, 1998;Zhou et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2004) should be large enough to overcome the associated increases in forest water use (Chandler, 2006;cf. Bruijnzeel, 2004;Scott et al, 2005;Zhou et al, 2010).…”

Section: H E Beck Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately, to date, no unequivocal case of a positive relationship between changes in Q and reforested degraded area has been reported in the tropics (cf . Table 6), although demonstrated decreases in the amounts of headwater-or hillslope stormflow generation after reforesting severely degraded land (Chandler and 1998; Zhou et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2004;Sun et al, 2006) must be considered large enough to overcome the associated increases in forest water use (Chandler, 2006;cf. Bruijnzeel, 2004;Scott et al, 2005).…”

Section: Impacts Of Land-cover Change On Streamflowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of forest regeneration on streamflow in 12 mesoscale humid tropical catchments

Beck

Bruijnzeel

Dijk

et al. 2013

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

106

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Abstract. Although regenerating forests make up an increasingly large portion of humid tropical landscapes, little is known of their water use and effects on streamflow (Q). Since the 1950s the island of Puerto Rico has experienced widespread abandonment of pastures and agricultural lands, followed by forest regeneration. This paper examines the possible impacts of these secondary forests on several Q characteristics for 12 mesoscale catchments (23-346 km 2 ; mean precipitation 1720-3422 mm yr −1 ) with long (33-51 yr) and simultaneous records for Q, precipitation (P ), potential evaporation (PET), and land cover. A simple spatially-lumped, conceptual rainfall-runoff model that uses daily P and PET time series as inputs (HBV-light) was used to simulate Q for each catchment. Annual time series of observed and simulated values of four Q characteristics were calculated. A least-squares trend was fitted through annual time series of the residual difference between observed and simulated time series of each Q characteristic. From this the total cumulative change (Â) was calculated, representing the change in each Q characteristic after controlling for climate variability and water storage carry-over effects between years. Negative values ofÂ were found for most catchments and Q characteristics, suggesting enhanced actual evaporation overall following forest regeneration. However, correlations between changes in urban or forest area and values ofÂ were insignificant (p ≥ 0.389) for all Q characteristics. This suggests there is no convincing evidence that changes in the chosen Q characteristics in these Puerto Rican catchments can be ascribed to changes in urban or forest area. The present results are in line with previous studies of mesoand macro-scale (sub-)tropical catchments, which generally found no significant change in Q that can be attributed to changes in forest cover. Possible explanations for the lack of a clear signal may include errors in the land cover, climate, Q, and/or catchment boundary data; changes in forest area occurring mainly in the less rainy lowlands; and heterogeneity in catchment response. Different results were obtained for different catchments, and using a smaller subset of catchments could have led to very different conclusions. This highlights the importance of including multiple catchments in land-cover impact analysis at the mesoscale.

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Reversibility of forest conversion impacts on water budgets in tropical karst terrain

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

Forest Coverage and Streamflow of Watersheds in the Tropical Atlantic Rainforest

Forest Coverage and Streamflow of Watersheds in the Tropical Atlantic Rainforest

Improving efficacy of landscape interventions in the (sub) humid Ethiopian highlands by improved understanding of runoff processes

The impact of forest regeneration on streamflow in 12 mesoscale humid tropical catchments

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