Review—Different Electrochemical Method Employed for Biomarkers Detection in Colorectal Cancer

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is a common tumor that kills tens of thousands of people each year. Colorectal cancer was divided into two groups: primary colorectal cancer and metastatic colorectal cancer, the latter of which requires complicated treatment. The methods of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer include colorectal laparoscopy, tissue section, and B-ultrasonography. Although these methods produce desirable results, the pain of the process is limited by the need for professional instruction. As more and more biomarkers for colorectal cancer are being discovered, electrochemistry has received a lot of attention due to its advantages of being cost-effective, non-invasive, and highly sensitive. Colorectal cancer biomarkers are divided into nucleic acid, protein, and metabolite three categories, of which protein biomarkers are the most common. There are CEA, CA153, CA199, AFP, IL-6, CDH-17, IL-13Rα2, E-Cadherin, FGFR4, etc. This paper reviews various electrochemical platforms for biomarker detection of colorectal cancer. This review will pave the way for the establishment of new electrochemical platforms for screening various colorectal cancer biomarkers.