Review of hypertensive retinopathy

Harjasouliha, Amir; Raiji, Veena; González, Josué M.

doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2016.10.002

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Hypertensive retinopathy occurs when the retinal vessels are damaged by elevated blood pressure. In such a case, retinal signs such as retinal flameshaped and dot blot hemorrhage, hard exudate formation, necrosis of smooth muscle cells, and retinal ischemia occur forming of cotton-wool spots (Harjasouliha et al, 2017). Anlotinib 1-[[4-(4-fluoro-2-methyl-1H-indol-5-yloxy)-6methoxyquinolin-7-yl]oxy] methyl] cyclopropanamine dihydrochloride) was manufactured by Chia-tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertensive Retinopathy Secondary to Anlotinib Treatment

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Purpose: We report a case of a middle-aged woman who developed hypertensive retinopathy following oral administration of Anlotinib. Observations: A 48-year-old woman presented to our hospital with sudden painless loss of vision in both eyes combined with headache, nausea, and vomiting following oral administration of Anlotinib. This drug is often used to control cancer progression. Due to the deterioration of her blood pressure, which reached 167/113 mm Hg, Anlotinib was discontinued and the blood pressure was controlled by hypertension medications. This normalized her blood pressure, alleviated headache, and restored her vision. She visited our eye department 37 days later for eye checkup. The best-corrected visual acuities was 0.3 in the right eye and 0.4 in the left eye. The fundus examinations revealed a clear boundary of the optic papilla with significant stellate exudation in the macular area. The posterior pole of the retina displayed high hemorrhage, with a cotton-wool spot appearance. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed atrophy in the outer segment of macular area, and hard exudations in retinal layers. Based on these findings, hypertensive retinopathy was diagnosed, as a secondary complication of Anlotinib. Conclusions and Significance: Anlotinib can induce hypertensive retinopathy. Patients receiving this drug should be closely monitored for potential complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertensive Retinopathy Secondary to Anlotinib Treatment

Zhang

Xie

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…The search for a biological marker with accuracy and precision that can effectively demonstrate the effect of systemic arterial hypertension on retinal microcirculation is a current issue, which may facilitate the handling of this disease, assessment of hemodynamic status of the retina and its relation to physiology of vision, helping the specialist's assistance in the integral care of these patients [5,6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) is a structure sensitive to retinal microvasculature disorders, and may indicate events of ischemic nature [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The imaging gold standard investigation of the retina vascularization is fluorescein angiography, but it is limited in the depth of analyzed structures, viewing only the superficial vascular plexus [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foveal Avascular Zone in Hypertension as Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Sá¹,

Gadelha²,

Melo³

et al. 2019

CTOY

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Purpose: To investigate the Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) area in patients with arterial hypertension using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A).Material and methods: The study was permormed at the School Clinic of UNIFACISA and at the Eye Care Center. It was included 21 hypertensive patients (study group) and 19 individuals without hypertension (control group). It was excluded patientes with diabetes or glaucoma. The measurement of the FAZ areas was performed by the DRI OCT-1Triton/Plus. For the quantitative variables, the results were expressed by their means and standard deviations. Qualitative variables were expressed by their absolute and relative frequencies. Student’s t-test was used to verify differences between means and Fisher’s exact test for differences between frequencies. For evaluating the correlation between the superficial and deep plexus areas, the Pearson correlation test was used. P value ≤ 0.05, rejected the null hypothesis. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical School from Campina Grande -UNIFACISA and all individuals signed the free and informed consent form.Results: The means of the superficial FAZ of both eyes was significantly higher in the study group (right eye 410.7 ± 160.7 μm2 - 319.1 ± 108.2 μm2 - p = 0.0433); (left eye: 405.4 ± 144.8 μm2 versus 309.4 ± 87.7 μm2- p = 0.0174). The means of the deep FAZ areas of the right and left eyes were similar between the study and control groups (right eye: 559.6 ± 253.28 μm2 versus 605.1 ± 226.8 μm2 - p = 0.5548); (left eye: 673.2 ± 170.8 μm2 versus 585.6 ± 171.2 μm2 - p = 0.1142). The relationships between the superficial and deep plexus areas of both eyes showed a weak correlation between the two plexuses. (r = 0.4734), left eye (r = 0.2287), study group - right eye: (r = 0.4374), left eye (r = 0.3580).Conclusion: The area of superficial FAZ of the right and left eyes was significantly higher in the hypertensive patients. The deep FAZ area of both eyes, however showed similar mean areas between the study and control groups.

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“…Retinopati hipertensi juga memiliki prevalensi yang lebih tinggi pada usia 75 tahun ke atas dibanding dengan usia yang lebih muda, dan paling banyak diderita oleh ras Afrika Amerika. 5 Retinopati hipertensi dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan 4 grade menurut Keith, Wagener dan Barker (1939). Grade 0 tidak menunjukkan kelainan apapun dan grade 1 diawali dengan pelebaran arteri dan sklerosis ringan pada pembuluh darah dengan tahap tertinggi pada grade 4 dengan pelebaran arteri, penyilangan arteri vena yang berat dengan perdarahan, eksudat dan cotton wool spot disertai pembengkakan saraf optik.…”

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“…Keadaan ini dapat terjadi terus hingga terjadi kebocoran materi plasma dan berakhir pada edema saraf optik. 5 Aplikasi alat optical coherence tomography (OCT) dalam dunia kedokteran mata memungkinkan klinisi untuk meneliti lebih lanjut mengenai proses patofisiologi retinopati hipertensi yang pada tahun 1939 ketika sistem grading retinopati hipertensi masih belum ditentu-kan. Sebuah penelitian dari Wei et al 8 Hasil uji statistik Kolmogorov-Smirnov menunjukkan data hasil penelitian memiliki penyebaran normal. Uji statistik dilanjutkan dengan uji t independen untuk membandingkan rerata kedua kelompok dan didapatkan signifikansi 0,004 yang menunjukkan rerata ketebalan retina pada kelompok hipertensi yaitu 201,66 µm (SD±38,870) lebih rendah daripada kelompok normal yaitu 249,59 µm (SD±19,245).…”

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Perbandingan Ketebalan Retina Sentral Pasien Hipertensi Esensial tanpa Penurunan Visus Dibanding Orang Normal

Nursalim¹,

Sumual²,

Sumanti³

2019

eCl

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One of the complications of hypertension is hypertensive retinopathy with a prevalence of 2-17% in patients with hypertension without diabetes. Application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) tool enables the clinician to simplify the pathophysiological process of hypertensive retinopathy. This study was aimed to compare the central retina thickness of essential hypertensive patients without decreased vision to of normal people. This was a prospective comparative study using a quantitative method. There were 56 eyes in the hypertension group and 71 eyes in the normal group. The t test showed that central retina thickness in hypertension group was 201.66 μm (SD ±38,870) meanwhile in the normal group was 249.59 µm (SD±19,245) (p=0.004). In conclusion, there was a significant difference in central retinal thickness between essential hypertensive patients and normal people. It is suggested that ophthalmologic examination should be performed on patients with essential hypertension even without decreased vision.Abstrak: Salah satu komplikasi hipertensi yaitu retinopati hipertensi dengan prevalensi 2-17% pada penyandang hipertensi tanpa diabetes. Aplikasi alat optical coherence tomography (OCT) memungkinkan klinisi untuk meneliti lebih lanjut mengenai proses patofisiologi retinopati hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan ketebalan retina sentral pasien hipertensi esensial tanpa penurunan visus dibanding orang normal. Jenis penelitian ialah prospektif komparatif menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan 56 mata untuk kelompok hipertensi dan 71 mata untuk kelompok normal yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Uji t menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan ketebalan retina sentral pada kelompok hipertensi dibanding kelompok normal. Rerata ketebalan retina pada kelompok hipertensi ialah 201,66 µm (SD±38,870) dibanding pada kelompok normal ialah 249,59 µm (SD±19,245) (p=0,004). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara ketebalan retina sentral pasien hipertensi esensial tanpa penurunan visus dibanding orang normal. Disarankan untuk melakukan pemeriksaan mata pada penyandang hipertensi esensial meskipun belum disertai keluhan penurunan tajam penglihatan. Kata kunci: hipertensi, penurunan visus, ketebalan retina

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Review of hypertensive retinopathy

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Hypertensive Retinopathy Secondary to Anlotinib Treatment

Hypertensive Retinopathy Secondary to Anlotinib Treatment

Foveal Avascular Zone in Hypertension as Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Perbandingan Ketebalan Retina Sentral Pasien Hipertensi Esensial tanpa Penurunan Visus Dibanding Orang Normal

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