Review on Methodology for Life Cycle Costing of Membrane System for Wastewater Filtration

Abstract

Abstract. In a competitive environment, manufacturers have to come out with innovative solution to market their product, including implementation of life cycle engineering concept. Life cycle costing (LCC) is one of the aspects that need to be considered when adapting this concept. In addition, costing is another important aspect that needs to be considered carefully. In order to perform LCC analysis, cost estimation is an essential step. Cost estimation model should not only consider pre-production and production cost, design, manufacturing, and assembly, but also postproduction, customer use and end of life. Development of cost estimation model or methodology is needed to simplify the LCC analysis so that it can produce more accurate results in shorter time. This paper reviewed on LCC, cost estimation techniques and several developed cost estimation models in order to determine research gap and research direction on developing a methodology to assess LCC of membrane system for wastewater filtration.

Avaliação do ciclo de vida ambiental e econômica de sistemas descentralizados de tratamento de esgoto envolvendo <i>wetlands</i> construídos

“…Isto significa que todos os valores a serem pagos no futuro são recalculados para o valor equivalente para o tempo presente(NILSSON; BERTLING, 2007).Apesar da abrangência dos estudos de CCV, a ACCV apresenta algumas limitações, tais como, a falta de diretrizes formais para a aplicação em algumas áreas e a carência de dados confiáveis disponíveis. Além disso, a ACCV envolve etapas que demandam muito tempo e informações(JIRAN et al, 2014). Korpi e Ala-Risku(2008) ao fazer uma revisão sobre estudos de caso com a aplicação de ACCV notaram que, apenas 3 dos 55 estudos de caso analisados incluíram todos os potenciais custos de todas as etapas envolvidas ao longo do ciclo de vida dos produtos analisados.…”