The survival and sustainable development of humanity
are gravely
threatened by climate change, which has recently been elevated to
the status of one of the greatest threats to humanity’s survival
and security on a worldwide scale. In response to global climate change,
how to obtain renewable and clean fuels is an important challenge
for the sustainable development of human society. In order to reach
the carbon peak and attain carbon neutrality, using CO2 as a resource has become a crucial aim for human civilization. Converting
CO2 into chemical products with higher added value, that
is, CO2 resource utilization technology can not only achieve
CO2 emission reduction but also have certain economic benefits.
The technologies of CO2 resource utilization primarily
include photocatalytic reduction, electrocatalytic reduction, thermal
catalytic reduction, and relay catalysis. This paper mainly summarizes
the mechanism of CO2 catalytic conversion technologies
and the research status of related catalysts, and summarizes and discusses
prospects for the development of the CO2 catalytic reduction
system (catalyst modification, product selectivity improvement, etc.).
The ideas and guidance are provided for the development of efficient
and stable CO2 reduction catalysts and the application
of CO2 catalytic reduction technology in the areas of environment
and energy.