“…In the dry mixing process, nanoparticles should be appropriately dispersed into cement powder by using stationary blades and a rotating drum. Then the mixed powder can be directly used to fabricate concrete composite with water, sand, aggregates, or other admixtures [3]. In the wet mixing process, the nanopowder were pre-dispersed in water using ultrasonication, with or without a chemical dispersant; in addition, more than one type of nanoparticles can be pre-dispersed in water.…”