Revisiting APP secretases: an overview on the holistic effects of retinoic acid receptor stimulation in APP processing

Vitória, José; Trigo, Diogo; Silva, Edgar F. da Cruz e

doi:10.1007/s00018-021-04090-4

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 225 publications

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“…AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and the main cause of dementia in the elderly, affecting around 6% of the population over the age of 65 [ 223 ]. Currently, there is no effective prevention or treatment strategy for AD [ 20 , 224 , 225 ].…”

Section: Furin In Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of furin in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases

Zhang

Gao

Bai

et al. 2022

Transl Neurodegener

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Furin is an important mammalian proprotein convertase that catalyzes the proteolytic maturation of a variety of prohormones and proproteins in the secretory pathway. In the brain, the substrates of furin include the proproteins of growth factors, receptors and enzymes. Emerging evidence, such as reduced FURIN mRNA expression in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease patients or schizophrenia patients, has implicated a crucial role of furin in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. Currently, compared to cancer and infectious diseases, the aberrant expression of furin and its pharmaceutical potentials in neurological diseases remain poorly understood. In this article, we provide an overview on the physiological roles of furin and its substrates in the brain, summarize the deregulation of furin expression and its effects in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders, and discuss the implications and current approaches that target furin for therapeutic interventions. This review may expedite future studies to clarify the molecular mechanisms of furin deregulation and involvement in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases, and to develop new diagnosis and treatment strategies for these diseases.

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Section: Furin In Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of furin in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases

Zhang

Gao

Bai

et al. 2022

Transl Neurodegener

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“…Overproduction of ROS leads to progressive damage to cellular molecules, such as DNA, and a mitochondrial dysfunction that in turn generates a further increase in ROS production, compromising cell integrity and viability. Brain cells, in particular, are very sensitive to the effects of oxidative stress and, in such conditions, microglia and astrocytes are stimulated to release inflammatory mediators such as iNOS and to trigger cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), causing a neuroinflammatory response [ 84 , 85 , 86 ].…”

Section: Neuroinflammation Oxidative Stress and Fever As A Consequenc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenylation Defects and Oxidative Stress Trigger the Main Consequences of Neuroinflammation Linked to Mevalonate Pathway Deregulation

Pisanti

Rimondi

Pozza

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The cholesterol biosynthesis represents a crucial metabolic pathway for cellular homeostasis. The end products of this pathway are sterols, such as cholesterol, which are essential components of cell membranes, precursors of steroid hormones, bile acids, and other molecules such as ubiquinone. Furthermore, some intermediates of this metabolic system perform biological activity in specific cellular compartments, such as isoprenoid molecules that can modulate different signal proteins through the prenylation process. The defects of prenylation represent one of the main causes that promote the activation of inflammation. In particular, this mechanism, in association with oxidative stress, induces a dysfunction of the mitochondrial activity. The purpose of this review is to describe the pleiotropic role of prenylation in neuroinflammation and to highlight the consequence of the defects of prenylation.

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