Rheological, Immunological and Microbiological Parameter Dynamics After Dental Implantation

Abstract

Introduction: It has been proven that the oral hygiene is determined by the quantitative and qualitative composition of the bacterial biofilm, by the local immunity, and the rheological properties of the oral fluid. The aim of this study was to observe the dynamics of these parameters in the short term postoperative period after dental implantation in patients with a different state of periodontal tissues, depending on maintenance therapy. Materials and methods: 124 healthy people, aged 18 to 34, were examined. Depending on the follow-up maintenance therapy after dental implantation, patients were divided into two equal study groups: patients of the main group received the proposed differentiated maintenance therapy, the volume and multiplicity of which were determined by the initial oral hygiene state; patients of the control group underwent traditional treatment. Patients with healthy periodontium comprised a comparison group. Using the digital drop shape, the viscosity coefficient b2 was determined. Identification of the biofilm’s microorganisms was carried out with aerobic and anaerobic cultivation techniques. The presence of immunoglobulin SIgA in the oral liquid was determined by Manchini’s radial immunodiffusion method. Results: In the main group, the viscosity coefficient b2 and the content of SIgA immunoglobulin in the oral fluid were significantly higher than in the control group (p <0.05). The proposed maintenance therapy led to the restoration of the species domination of the probiotic microflora, proportional to the healthy periodontium both in the frequency of selection, and the level of insemination. The indicated dynamics of these parameters leads to a probable decrease of the Green-Vermillion HI (p<0,05). Conclusions: Proposed maintenance therapy leads to a probable improvement of the oral hygiene state based on Green-Vermillion HI, caused by the normalization of the surfactant properties of the oral liquid, biofilm’s ratio of microbial associations, and local oral hygiene.