Rhizosphere effects on soil solution composition and mineral stability

McGahan, Donald G.; Southard, R. J.; Zasoski, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.03.011

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Area A has a higher pH value of the surface sediment than area B (Tables 1 and 2). The difference could be because of the denser vegetation cover in area B and the existence of root acids from the root zone of plants (Kim et al 2010a, b;McGahan et al 2014). The salts of the alkaline hydrolysis accumulate at the 50 cm depth of the profile, which can also be explained by the denser vegetation cover of area B compared to area A.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption properties of Ni, Cu, and Zn in young alkaline lake sediments in south Hungary (Lake Fehér, Szeged)

Halmos¹,

Bozsó²,

Pál-Molnár³

2015

Soil & Water Res.

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Halmos L., Bozsó G., Pál-Molnár E. (2015): Adsorption properties of Ni, Cu, and Zn in young alkaline lake sediments in south Hungary (Lake Fehér, Szeged). Soil & Water Res., 10: 244-251.Adsorption properties of Cu, Ni, and Zn in alkaline sediments of Lake Fehér at Szeged (Hungary) were investigated. The effects of pollution of these three chosen phytotoxic elements in sodic sediments were primarily examined. These elements are strongly adsorbed in the soils and sediments with relatively high pH values for a long time without any influence on the geochemical processes. However, the salinization (indicated by the global climate change) of soils and sediments can strongly change the original geochemical status. For the adsorption experiments, the horizons with the highest organic matter contents were selected from two profiles. The pH, electrical conductivity (EC), particle size distribution, carbonate content, quality and quantity of organic matter, and clay mineral content of the selected samples were also determined. Efficiency of the adsorption is reduced in Cu >> Zn > Ni and Cu > Ni >> Zn order based on the calculated maximum and specific adsorption values. The adsorption properties of heavy metals are dependent on the content of soil constituents. The results showed that Cu has the highest but not the same affinity to each of the sorbent materials. Ni is strongly while Zn is less bounded to the organic matter. In most cases the results showed that the most effective fixative soil constituent is carbonate, followed by clay minerals and, last, organic matter regarding to the investigated elements.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption properties of Ni, Cu, and Zn in young alkaline lake sediments in south Hungary (Lake Fehér, Szeged)

Halmos¹,

Bozsó²,

Pál-Molnár³

2015

Soil & Water Res.

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“…The rhizosphere is the most biologically and chemically active frontier of the soil (McNear, 2013) because this is where compounds are released which directly and indirectly affect soil minerals (Philippot et al, 2013). Specifically, roots provide carbon for the microbial and fungal communities (Berner et al, 2003;Calvaruso et al, 2009Calvaruso et al, , 2014McGahan et al, 2014). In return, mycorrhizal fungi and associated bacteria generally increase the availability of nutrients to the trees (e.g., van Scholl et al, 2006a, b;Balogh-Brunstad et al, 2008a;Calvaruso et al, 2009;Bonneville et al, 2011;Smits et al, 2012;Ahmed and Holmstrom, 2015).…”

Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviews and syntheses: on the roles trees play in building and plumbing the critical zone

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Trees, the most successful biological power plants on earth, build and plumb the critical zone (CZ) in ways that we do not yet understand. To encourage exploration of the character and implications of interactions between trees and soil in the CZ, we propose nine hypotheses that can be tested at diverse settings. The hypotheses are roughly divided into those about the architecture (building) and those about the water (plumbing) in the CZ, but the two functions are intertwined. Depending upon one's disciplinary background, many of the nine hypotheses listed below may appear obviously true or obviously false. (1) Tree roots can only physically penetrate and biogeochemically comminute the immobile substrate underlying mobile soil where that underlying substrate is fractured or pre-weathered. (2) In settings where the thickness of weathered material, H , is large, trees primarily shape the CZ through biogeochemical reactions within the rooting zone. (3) In forested uplands, the thickness of mobile soil, h, can evolve toward a steady state because of feedbacks related to root disruption and tree throw. (4) In settings where h H and the rates of uplift and erosion are low, the uptake of phosphorus into trees is buffered by the fine-grained fraction of the soil, and the ultimate source of this phosphorus is dust. (5) In settings of limited water availability, trees maintain the highest length density of functional roots at depths where water can be extracted over most of the growing season with the least amount of energy expenditure. (6) Trees grow the majority of their roots in the zone where the most growth-limiting resource is abundant, but they also grow roots at other depths to forage for other resources and to hydraulically redistribute those resources to depths where they can be taken up more efficiently. (7) Trees rely on matrix water in the unsaturated zone that at times may have anPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 5116 S. L. Brantley et al.: Reviews and syntheses: on the roles trees play in building and plumbing the critical zone isotopic composition distinct from the gravity-drained water that transits from the hillslope to groundwater and streamflow. (8) Mycorrhizal fungi can use matrix water directly, but trees can only use this water by accessing it indirectly through the fungi. (9) Even trees growing well above the valley floor of a catchment can directly affect stream chemistry where changes in permeability near the rooting zone promote intermittent zones of water saturation and downslope flow of water to the stream. By testing these nine hypotheses, we will generate important new cross-disciplinary insights that advance CZ science.

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“…Forest conversion for agriculture may have diverse direct and indirect consequences on soil physico-chemical properties, and their variation over the hillslopes, due to changes in plant-soil interactions and nutrient exchange, agricultural practices, soil hydrology and geomorphic process rates. Anthropogenic land cover change modifies the nutrient uptake by plants and rhizosphere processes and may influence mineral weathering directly (e.g., Baker, 1973;Schnitzer and Kodama, 1976;Drever, 1994;Lucas, 2001;Velde and Meunier, 2008;McGahan et al, 2014). Through the input of fertilisers, agricultural practices may affect soil acidity and clay mineralogy (e.g., Barak et al, 1997;Velde and Peck, 2002;Velde and Meunier, 2008;Simonsson et al, 2009;Cornu et al, 2012;Matocha et al, 2016;Moterle et al, 2016), with potential implications on soil mineral weathering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Land use impacts on soil erosion and rejuvenation in Southern Brazil

Vanacker

Ameijeiras-Mariño

Schoonejans

et al. 2019

CATENA

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Topography is one of the key factors controlling soil erosion and redistribution of pedogenic material along slope. Land cover change can have an accelerating or retarding impact on topographically-controlled soil erosion rates, depending on the type and intensity of land use and management. In this study, we investigated the combined effect of hillslope gradient and land cover change on soil redistribution and rejuvenation in a subtropical region where Atlantic rain forest was converted to agricultural land. We used a two versus two factorial design, and evaluated the effect of hillslope gradient (steep vs. gentle) and land cover (forest vs. cropland) on the spatial pattern of soil weathering degree along slope. In four soil toposequences, soil weathering indices (Total Reserve in Bases, Chemical Index of Alteration, clay content, iron oxide content) and mineralogical assemblages were used to express genetic and morphological differences among soil profiles. Our data showed that the spatial differentiation in chemical weathering degree along slope is strongly dependent on the hillslope gradient: while the gentle slopes show negligible differences in chemical weathering degree along slope, the steep slopes show clear spatial differences. Besides, there is an interaction effect between hillslope gradient and land cover. Forest conversion to cropland enhances erosion-driven soil redistribution with a marked effect on soil rejuvenation along steep slopes but no clear effect along gentle slopes. The comparative study based on four toposequences highlights that accelerated soil erosion after conversion of forests to cropland has further enhanced lateral soil fluxes and redistribution of topsoil material along steep slopes, and led to soil rejuvenation and exposure of less weathered soil material at the eroding sites.

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Rhizosphere effects on soil solution composition and mineral stability

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Adsorption properties of Ni, Cu, and Zn in young alkaline lake sediments in south Hungary (Lake Fehér, Szeged)

Adsorption properties of Ni, Cu, and Zn in young alkaline lake sediments in south Hungary (Lake Fehér, Szeged)

Reviews and syntheses: on the roles trees play in building and plumbing the critical zone

Land use impacts on soil erosion and rejuvenation in Southern Brazil

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