Ribonucleic acids from animal cells

Darnell, Jr. James E.

doi:10.1128/br.32.3.262-290.1968

Cited by 324 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Scholtissek (1967) has shown that a feedback mechanism active at the level of UTP at 370C is not active at lower temperatures in chick fibroblasts in vitro. The inability to effect 'chase-pulse' experiments with nucleosides in vertebrate cells has been a common problem (Darnell, 1968). Labelled precursor continues to be incorporated despite the addition of a large excess of unlabelled nucleoside.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The slow equilibration of exogenous uridine with the UMP pool observed at both 270C and 370C in these experiments could account for the persistence of labelling commonly encountered. Except for some of the nuclear-sap RNA, under normal circumstances most of the RNA synthesized in the nucleus eventually appears in the cytoplasm (Darnell, 1968). The processing of RNA even in the nucleus and certainly in the nucleolus depends on the availability of specific proteins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ribonucleic acid synthesis and transport in animal cells at 27°C

Horisberger

Amos

1970

Biochemical Journal

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The failure to induce glutamine synthetase in retinal cells with hydrocortisone at 27 degrees C (37 degrees C is the normal temperature for induction) led to a study of some aspects of RNA synthesis at 27 degrees C by using the method of selective labelling with radioactive precursors, sucrose-density-gradient centrifugation and radioautography. The low-temperature treatment not only decreases the rate of RNA synthesis but also interferes with the general pattern of RNA maturation and distribution. It has been found that nuclear-cytoplasmic exchange is severely altered at low temperature and may be an explanation of the failure to induce the enzyme. When the temperature is raised from 27 degrees C to 37 degrees C, the incorporation of exogenous radioactive uridine into the RNA is distorted by a pool-dilution effect that results in an ;over-shoot' phenomenon. The kinetics of labelled uridine equilibration into the UMP pool accounts for the difficulty encountered by many investigators in ;chase' efforts with unlabelled nucleosides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribonucleic acid synthesis and transport in animal cells at 27°C

Horisberger

Amos

1970

Biochemical Journal

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“…It is possible to distinguish heterogeneous nuclear broader size distribution, and turns over much RNA from polyribosomal messenger RNA by more rapidly than mRNA . Kinetic studies have several characteristics (see review by Darnell, 1968) . The NRNAI is of larger mean size, has a geneous nuclear RNA ; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate ; SSC, 0.15 M NaCl, 0 .015 M sodium citrate ; TCA, tri-I Abbreviations used : EDTA, ethylenediaminetetra-chloroacetic acid ; T ., temperature at which 50% of acetate ; mRNA, messenger RNA ; NRNA, hetero-a nucleic acid duplex is denatured .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybridization Properties of Dna Sequences Directing the Synthesis of Messenger Rna and Heterogeneous Nuclear Rna

Greenberg

Perry

1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

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The relationship of the DNA sequences from which polyribosomal messenger RNA (mRNA) and heterogeneous nuclear RNA (NRNA) of mouse L cells are transcribed was investigated by means of hybridization kinetics and thermal denaturation of the hybrids. Hybridization was performed in formamide solutions at DNA excess. Under these conditions most of the hybridizing mRNA and NRNA react at values of D°t (DNA concentration multiplied by time) expected for RNA transcribed from the nonrepeated or rarely repeated fraction of the genome . However, a fraction of both mRNA and NRNA hybridize at values of D°t about 10,000 times lower, and therefore must be transcribed from highly redundant DNA sequences . The fraction of NRNA hybridizing to highly repeated sequences is about 1 .7 times greater than the corresponding fraction of mRNA . The hybrids formed by the rapidly reacting fractions of both NRNA and mRNA melt over a narrow temperature range with a midpoint about 11°C below that of native L cell DNA . This indicates that these hybrids consist of partially complementary sequences with approximately 11 % mismatching of bases . Hybrids formed by the slowly reacting fraction of NRNA melt within 4°-6°C of native DNA, indicating very little, if any, mismatching of bases . Hybrids of the slowly reacting components of mRNA, formed under conditions of sufficiently low RNA input, have a high thermal stability, similar to that observed for hybrids of the slowly reacting NRNA component . However, when higher inputs of mRNA are used, hybrids are formed which have a strikingly lower thermal stability . This observation can be explained by assuming that there is sufficient similarity among the relatively rare DNA sequences coding for mRNA so that under hybridization conditions, in which these DNA sequences are not truly in excess, reversible hybrids exhibiting a considerable amount of mispairing are formed . The fact that a comparable phenomenon has not been observed for NRNA may mean that there is less similarity among the relatively rare DNA sequences coding for NRNA than there is among the rare sequences coding for mRNA .

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“…It is generally agreed that proteins interact with nascent RNA molecules in the nucleus to form ribonucleoprotein particles which govern the processing of ribosomal precursor RNA to mature 62 THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY • VOLUME 60,1974 ribosomes (29,30) as well as the delivery of mRNA to the cytoplasm (31,32,3) in the transport of RNA from the site of synthesis to the cytoplasm of the cell (33,34) . Of potential serum macromolecules, the putative "RNA migration factor" reported in Cohn fraction III of bovine serum (35) is of particular interest .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation by Insulin of Rna Synthesis in Chick Fibroblasts

Baseman

Paolini

Amos

1974

The Journal of Cell Biology

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After the addition of insulin to monolayers of chick fibroblasts previously incubated in serum-free medium, the rates of protein and RNA synthesis increase continuously during the first 8-10 h . Little stimulation of DNA synthesis or mitosis results with the addition of insulin alone in contrast to the addition of fresh serum which stimulates both markedly .The stimulation in RNA synthesis does not result from expansion of the nucleotide pool but is correlated with increases in RNA polymerase activity . All major classes of RNA are stimulated ; processing of preribosomal RNA to 28S and 18S and the association of this mature RNA with ribosomes appear to occur normally . The kinetics of stimulation of 5S RNA differ from those of the synthesis of 4S and of ribosomal RNA . Insulin and serum appear to affect the synthesis or stability of certain transcripts differentially .

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Ribonucleic acids from animal cells

Cited by 324 publications

References 92 publications

Ribonucleic acid synthesis and transport in animal cells at 27°C

Ribonucleic acid synthesis and transport in animal cells at 27°C

Hybridization Properties of Dna Sequences Directing the Synthesis of Messenger Rna and Heterogeneous Nuclear Rna

Stimulation by Insulin of Rna Synthesis in Chick Fibroblasts

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