Ridge Preservation Using Collagen Cone for Implant Site Development: Clinical, Radiographical and Histological Study

Abstract

Objectives: the aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes of extraction socket grafted with collagen cone in comparison to extraction site that healed naturally for implant site development. Patients & Methods: Twenty-six healthy patients require extraction of a single rooted tooth participated in this study. They had been divided into 2 groups. In Group I (control), the extraction socket was left with no graft to heal with secondary intention. While in group II (study), the socket was filled with collagen cone. Implants were inserted in average of 3 months after socket grafting. Cone Beam CT (CBCT) images were done prior to implant insertion to asses height and width of the ridge as well as bone density. Core biopsies were taken during implant placement. While implant stability test (ISQ) were done right after the implant was placed Result: The vertical bone changes at the grafted sockets were significantly lower (p < 0.0001) when compared to non-grafted sockets. Moreover, the width reduction of the grafted sites was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than the non-grafted group. No significant difference was detected in RFA between two groups. Values of bone density was higher in the grafted sites. Conclusion: the alveolar preservation with collagen cone is an effective way to maintain the ridge dimensions after tooth extractions.

Biological effect of collagen scaffolds on rabbit’s socket healing

“…In terms of vascularity, the histological findings of the control group indicated marrow gaps with limited blood supply, while the collagen spongetreated socket exhibited an abundance of blood vessels throughout the developed bone, indicating new bone production. These findings agree with Khairy et al (22); in their study, cores from the grafted and non-grafted sites were histologically evaluated and evidenced the positive angiogenetic effect of collagen sponges. In another experimental study by Calabrese et al (42), and ectopically implanted collagen scaffold in mice resulted in the formation of well-organized blood vessels.…”

“…These findings encouraged the use of collagen postextraction, resulting in a more predictable implant placement site. (21,22) Due to the osteogenic nature of collagen, introducing it as a scaffold in the form of sponges or plugs in extraction sockets might enhance bone regeneration, thereby reducing the incidence of alveolar ridge resorption. The resulting alveolar bone provides a predictable implant site, thus avoiding secondary augmentation surgeries.…”