Risk Analysis in Cattle Farmers’ Prevention Practices of Anthrax and Foot and Mouth Disease in Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia

Abstract

B eef cattle farming is an economic activity that provides rural communities with employment opportunities, generates demand (in the form of farm machinery and equipment) and raw materials to industry, and satisfies the dietary needs of the population. In developed and developing economies, perceptions of risk and risk management measures among livestock farmers are seen as crucial (Hayran et al., 2021). All the cattle on farms would be wiped off by disease waves, especially if producers' prevention meas-ures are not maintained. Currently, Anthrax and FMD are becoming a greater issue in Indonesia as the number of cattle killed by Anthrax and FMD increases continuously.In details, Anthranx and FMD is one of the most significant animal diseases producing considerable economic losses in susceptible cloven-hoofed animals at the present time (OIE, 2018). Anthrax is a zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Bacillus anthracis (Hugh-Jones, 2009) while FMD is a highly contagious disease caused by Aphthovirus.